Thermal diffuse scattering in high-resolution electron holography

Wang, Zhong Lin

doi:10.1016/0304-3991(93)90067-8

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…With the improvement in precision and resolution of information provided by today's microscopy, it is mandatory to explore new theoretical approaches for image simulations by including inelastic scattering [23][24][25]. Although an energy filter can be applied in data acquisition to filter away the contribution made by plasmon and single-electron excitations, phonon-scattered electrons are still present in images and diffraction patterns except in off-axis holograms [26,27]. The inclusion of a Debye-Waller factor in the scattering factor takes care of only the absorption effect to the elastic wave and does not include the contribution made by the phonon-scattered electrons to the image!…”

Section: Picometer Imaging Diffraction and Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Picoscale science and nanoscale engineering by electron microscopy

Wang

2011

Microscopy

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A future scanning/transmission electron microscope is proposed to be a comprehensive machine that is capable of providing picoseconds time-resolved information at sub-nanometer scale and even at picometer scale, spatial resolution. At the same time, physical and chemical properties can be measured in situ from a region as small as a few nanometers by introducing local electric, mechanical, thermal, magnetic and/or optical stimulations/excitations under vacuum or even in a quasi-ambient environment. It is anticipated that nanoscopy and picoscopy will be key tools for studying picoscale science and developing nanoscale technology related to materials science, biology, physics and chemistry.

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Section: Picometer Imaging Diffraction and Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Picoscale science and nanoscale engineering by electron microscopy

Wang

2011

Microscopy

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“…Finally, the intensity is distributed at higher scattering angles due to large momentum transfer in TDS, but negligible energy-loss. A detailed analysis of the diffuse streaks can give some information about atomic interaction in solids (Wang, 1993). TDS is also mainly responsible to the Kikuchi patterns observed in electron diffraction.…”

Section: Phonon Scattering In Electron Diffractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(9)) is distributed only in the center band. This indicates that the TDS electrons will not contribute to the finally reconstructed phase image because it comes from the sideband (Wang, 1993). The only effect of TDS is to introduce an absorption function in the reconstructed amplitude image due to the time average.…”

Section: How Does Phonon Scattering Affect Off-axis Electron Holography?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2. Back to 1993 (Wang, 1993), we proposed theoretically that the off-axis holography is an ideal energy filter that even filters away the contribution made by TDS electrons in the electron wave function, but conventional high-resolution microscopy do contain the contribution made by phonon scattered electrons. The only effect of TDS is to introduce an absorption function in the reconstructed amplitude image due to the time average, but no effect on the phase image.…”

Section: The Contribution From Tds Electrons Is Especiallymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal diffuse scattering in sub-angstrom quantitative electron microscopy—phenomenon, effects and approaches

Wang

2003

Micron

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This paper reviews the recent progress in the following areas.(1) In quantitative high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, the theoretically calculated images usually give better contrast than the experimentally observed ones although all of the factors have been accounted for. This discrepancy is suggested due to thermal diffusely scattered (TDS) electrons, which were not included in the image calculation. The contribution from TDS electrons is especially important if the image resolution is approaching 0.1 nm and beyond with the introduction of Cs corrected microscopes. A more rigorous multislice theory has been developed to account for this effect. (2) We proved that the off-axis holography is an ideal energy filter that even filters away the contribution made by TDS electrons in the electron wave function, but conventional high-resolution microscopy do contain the contribution made by phonon scattered electrons. (3) In electron scattering, most of the existing dynamical theories have been developed under the first order diffuse scattering approximation, thus, they are restricted to cases where the lattice distortion is small. A formal dynamical theory is presented for calculating diffuse scattering with the inclusion of multiple diffuse scattering. By inclusion of a complex potential in dynamical calculation, a rigorous proof is given to show that the high order diffuse scattering are fully recovered in the calculations using the equation derived under the distorted wave Born approximation, and more importantly, the statistical time and structure averages over the distorted crystal lattices are evaluated analytically prior numerical calculation. This conclusion establishes the basis for expanding the applications of the existing theories. (4) The 'frozen lattice' model is a semi-classical approach for calculating electron diffuse scattering in crystals arisen from thermal vibration of crystal atoms. Based on a rigorous quantum mechanical phonon excitation theory, we have proved that the frozen lattice mode is an excellent approximation and no detectable error would be possible under normal experimental conditions. q

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“…Diese Annahme wird unterstützt durch die Tatsache, dass sich der Kontrastunterschied auch in energiegefilterten Abbildungen findet und somit alle inelastischen Streuprozesse als Hauptursache ausgeschlossen werden können. Deswegen konzentriert sich die aktuelle Forschung derzeit auf die Holographie-Technik, zumal Harscher [97] und Wang [98] gezeigt haben, dass in den Abbildungen aus den Seitenbändern im Gegensatz zum Zentralband die Beiträge thermisch diffuser Streuung keine Rolle spielen. Lehmann et al [94] konnten mittlerweile experimentell nachweisen, dass der Kontrast in den Abbildungen aus den Nebenbändern um den Faktor drei bis fünf größer ist als in der Abbildung aus dem Zentralband.…”

Section: Der Stobbs-faktorunclassified

Strukturelle Untersuchung der amorph/kristallinen Grenzfläche mittels quantitativer hochauflösender Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie an den Systemen a-Si/c-Si und a-Ge/c-Si

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Thermal diffuse scattering in high-resolution electron holography

Cited by 15 publications

References 21 publications

Picoscale science and nanoscale engineering by electron microscopy

Picoscale science and nanoscale engineering by electron microscopy

Thermal diffuse scattering in sub-angstrom quantitative electron microscopy—phenomenon, effects and approaches

Strukturelle Untersuchung der amorph/kristallinen Grenzfläche mittels quantitativer hochauflösender Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie an den Systemen a-Si/c-Si und a-Ge/c-Si

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