Thermal Desalination

Fellows, Christopher M.; Al-Hamzah, Ali

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63228-9.00023-1

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…These methods can be divided into two main categories, namely, thermally driven and pressure driven technologies [6,7]. Pressure driven, reverse osmosis is the most commonly used desalination process and currently the lowest energy consumption amongst the mentioned desalination processes [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric-pressure plasma seawater desalination: Clean energy, agriculture, and resource recovery nexus for a blue planet

Ekanayake

Seo

Faershteyn

et al. 2020

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

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Water connects every aspect of life. Only 4% of the world's water is fresh water, where most of water sources have different degrees of salinity. As a result, billions of people around the globe face water scarcity which is a global challenge. Desalination technologies which separate the fresh water from the solvated salts ions in saline water are attracting major attention. However, conventional desalination processes including thermally and pressure driven processes are highly energy intensive. To address this issue, here we report that the atmospheric-pressure plasma (APP) treatment of saline water can be a new potential alternative low-energy and green desalination route. Meanwhile, valuable salts are recovered by direct salt crystal precipitation within a short plasma processing time. During desalination and salt precipitation, plasma activated desalinated water (PADW) is generated and can be used for clean energy generation by water splitting and sustainable agriculture by enhanced plant seed germination. In turn, functional nanomaterials can be extracted from the precipitated salt. The PADW exhibited low salinity of 5.6 ms/cm with low pH value of 2.1. The unique intrinsic PADW chemistries further enhanced the electrochemical water splitting in both hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at a Pt electrode and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at a RuO 2 electrode compared with the conventional acidic solution of similar pH. Moreover, the feasibility of using PADW in sustainable agriculture was demonstrated by enhancing mungbean seed germination using tap water mixed with PADW. At optimum mix concentration, both seed germination rates and germination percentages increased. Finally, we demonstrated the feasibility of synthesis of high-value 2D nanomaterials exemplified by Mg(OH) 2 nanosheets via single step thermal process using the salt precipitated from the seawater by the plasma process. Combined with straightforward use of renewable electricity to generate APPs, this study reveals the plasma potential for sustainable recovery of clean water, clean energy generation, sustainable agriculture, and manufacturing of advanced functional nanomaterials -all from the greatest treasure of our blue planet -seawater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric-pressure plasma seawater desalination: Clean energy, agriculture, and resource recovery nexus for a blue planet

Ekanayake

Seo

Faershteyn

et al. 2020

Sustainable Materials and Technologies

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Scale formation on the wall of a mechanically stirred vessel—experimental assessment and interpretation using computational fluid dynamics

et al. 2018

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Accelerated growth of scale was studied in a baffled agitated reactor, which could be disassembled into nine sections, allowing quantitative determination of scale thickness. A coordinate measuring machine was used to determine the scale thickness on individual wall segments. The growth pattern of the scale was found to be nonuniform due to the variation of fluid velocity near the wall at various heights. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation showed that fluid flow is time‐dependent and has two distinct flow zones, one involving recirculation through the impeller in the lower part of the vessel and the other involving lower velocities due to the flow separation at the wall in the upper part. CFD simulation also showed the presence of macroinstabilities, which manifest as asymmetrical and chaotic flow structures with relatively long‐time scales. Scale growth is found to be prominent in regions where the fluid velocity and wall shear stresses are low. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 3912–3922, 2018

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Performance comparison of the main desalination processes: Case studies for small capacity seawater desalting plants

Triani¹

2021

3rd International Conference on Chemistry, Chemical Process and Engineering (Ic3pe)

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Thermal Desalination

Cited by 5 publications

References 71 publications

Atmospheric-pressure plasma seawater desalination: Clean energy, agriculture, and resource recovery nexus for a blue planet

Atmospheric-pressure plasma seawater desalination: Clean energy, agriculture, and resource recovery nexus for a blue planet

Scale formation on the wall of a mechanically stirred vessel—experimental assessment and interpretation using computational fluid dynamics

Performance comparison of the main desalination processes: Case studies for small capacity seawater desalting plants

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