Thermal degradation characteristics, kinetics, thermodynamic, and reaction mechanism analysis of pistachio shell pyrolysis for its bioenergy potential

Gupta, Supriya; Gupta, Goutam Kishore; Mondal, Monoj Kumar

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-01104-2

Cited by 57 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Table 4 presents the main thermal parameters obtained from the thermogravimetric curves, that is, the onset degradation temperature that was considered for the temperature with a loss of 5% (T 5% ), temperature of maximum degradation (T deg ), corresponding to the maximum degradation rate and identified in the corresponding DTG curves, and residual mass at 700 °C. In the case of PSF, like other biomass, three different mass losses were seen during the degradation process, which have been ascribed to drying, devolatilization, and charring [ 80 ]. The first mass loss, at ~100 °C, is related to the removal of moisture present in the lignocellulosic material.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxide-Induced Synthesis of Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Poly(butylene succinate) and Its Compatibilizing Effect on Poly(butylene succinate)/Pistachio Shell Flour Composites

et al. 2021

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Framing the Circular Bioeconomy, the use of reactive compatibilizers was applied in order to increase the interfacial adhesion and, hence, the physical properties and applications of green composites based on biopolymers and food waste derived lignocellulosic fillers. In this study, poly(butylene succinate) grafted with maleic anhydride (PBS-g-MAH) was successfully synthetized by a reactive melt-mixing process using poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) and maleic anhydride (MAH) that was induced with dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a radical initiator and based on the formation of macroradicals derived from the hydrogen abstraction of the biopolymer backbone. Then, PBS-g-MAH was used as reactive compatibilizer for PBS filled with different contents of pistachio shell flour (PSF) during melt extrusion. As confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), PBS-g-MAH acted as a bridge between the two composite phases since it was readily soluble in PBS and could successfully form new esters by reaction of its multiple MAH groups with the hydroxyl (−OH) groups present in cellulose or lignin of PSF and the end ones in PBS. The resultant compatibilized green composites were, thereafter, shaped by injection molding into 4-mm thick pieces with a wood-like color. Results showed significant increases in the mechanical and thermomechanical rigidity and hardness, meanwhile variations on the thermal stability were negligible. The enhancement observed was related to the good dispersion and the improved filler-matrix interfacial interactions achieved by PBS-g-MAH and also to the PSF nucleating effect that increased the PBS’s crystallinity. Furthermore, water uptake of the pieces progressively increased as a function of the filler content, whereas the disintegration in controlled compost soil was limited due to their large thickness.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peroxide-Induced Synthesis of Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Poly(butylene succinate) and Its Compatibilizing Effect on Poly(butylene succinate)/Pistachio Shell Flour Composites

et al. 2021

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“…This behavior can be associated with the chemical treatment removing some components such as lignin and hemicellulose, which have a wide range for decomposition (from 190 to 900 • C) due to its complex and heterogeneous structure [29]. Previous works report that degradation of pistachio shell is divided into three stages: drying, devolatilization and charring [30]. The proportions of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin are hard to be identified by means of derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curves due to the components decomposition is carried out at similar temperatures, especially the lignin [31].…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tga) For Pistachio Shell Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Composites Prepared from Pistachio Shell Particles Treated Chemically and Polypropylene

et al. 2022

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The purpose of the present work was to prepare polypropylene (PP) matrix composited filled with chemically treated pistachio shell particles (PTx), and evaluate their effect on the composites’ thermal properties. PP-PTx composites were formulated in different PTx content (from 2 to 10 phr) in a mixing chamber, using the melt-mixing process. The PTx were chemically treated using a NaOH solution and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). According to thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the treatment of pistachio shell particles resulted in the remotion of lignin and hemicellulose. The thermal stability was evaluated by means of TGA, where the presence of PTx in composites showed a positive effect compared with PP pristine. Thermal properties such as crystallization temperature (Tc), crystallization enthalpy (∆Hc), melting temperature (Tm) and crystallinity were determinate by means differential scanning calorimetry (DSC); these results suggest that the PTx had a nucleation effect on the PP matrix, increasing their crystallinity. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that stiffness of the composites increase compared with that PP pristine, as well as the storage modulus, and the best results were found at a PTx concentration of 4 phr. At higher concentrations, the positive effect decreased; however, they were better than the reference PP.

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“…The ultimate and proximate analysis, along with HHV values of CW on dry basis, is listed in Table 1. Volatile matter (73.61%) of CW was found higher than other reported biomasses such as banana peel (66.79%), 14 rice husk (64%) 15 and walnet shell (63%) 16 which reflects its efficient potential for thermochemical conversion. Such high volatile contents facilitate thermal degradation and gaseous products formation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Thermochemical conversion of cabbage waste to bioenergy and bio‐chemicals production

Tahir

Mubashir

Schulze

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary This study sheds light upon how the decomposition of cabbage waste (CW) is brought to make it capable of providing bioenergy along with bio‐chemicals. The CW is evaporated through three steps, and at the same time, non‐condensable products (NH3, CO2, CH4, CO, SO2 and NO) and condensable products like (H2O, CH3CH2OH, CH3COOH, CC, C6H5OH and HCOOH) are yielded. The products that have gone through the pyrolysis process comprise 45% condensable products. Thermogravimetry‐Fourier transform infrared (TG‐FTIR) analysis shows that lower temperature can be more effective for condensable products formation from CW as compared to higher temperature. Pyrolysis gas chromatography (Py/GC‐MS) confirms presence of the high energy and value‐added chemical compounds such as toluene, benzene and phenols among pyrolytic products. According to initial reports, liquid pyrolytic products produce more than 70% energy. All these results demonstrate that CW could be promising source of bioenergy and valuable bio‐chemicals production via pyrolysis.

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Thermal degradation characteristics, kinetics, thermodynamic, and reaction mechanism analysis of pistachio shell pyrolysis for its bioenergy potential

Cited by 57 publications

References 51 publications

Peroxide-Induced Synthesis of Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Poly(butylene succinate) and Its Compatibilizing Effect on Poly(butylene succinate)/Pistachio Shell Flour Composites

Peroxide-Induced Synthesis of Maleic Anhydride-Grafted Poly(butylene succinate) and Its Compatibilizing Effect on Poly(butylene succinate)/Pistachio Shell Flour Composites

Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Composites Prepared from Pistachio Shell Particles Treated Chemically and Polypropylene

Thermochemical conversion of cabbage waste to bioenergy and bio‐chemicals production

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