Thermal Decomposition Rates of Carbonates in Oil Shale

Evaluation of the porous structure of Huadian oil shale during pyrolysis using multiple approaches

“…Adding the initial 3% porosity gives a predicted value of 51.88%. Taking the evaporation of structure water of clay mineral and the decomposition of carbonates [29] into account, the calculated porosity results is relatively close to the present results.…”

“…That is quite close to S450. At higher temperatures (up to 500°C), the slightly decrease of carbon and hydrogen is contributed by the decomposition of calcite [29] and the dehydroxylation of kaolinite and ammonium illite, respectively, and the decrease of nitrogen is related to the release of NH 4 + in ammonium illite. The sulfur content fluctuates around 3.3-4.9%.…”

Pipeline Gas from Oil Shale by Direct Hydrogasification

“…The strong increase in decomposition rate with increase in temperature is shown graphically in Figure 8. These rates are much higher than those measured by Jukkola and others (4) in nitrogen or carbon dioxide at 1 atm.…”

Alterations in structure and physical properties of Green River oil shale by thermal treatment

“…From an oil shale's oil yield or weight per cent organic matter, the increase in its porosity can be read from the graph. Based on oil yield, the increase in porosity may also be calculated from the least squares equation Y = 1.46 + 1.29X -0.0046X2 (2) where Y represents porosity increase and X represents oil yield in gallons per ton, with an error of estimate of 0.98% porosity at the 95% confidence limit. Chemical reactions in the mineral phase may have contributed to the graph's slight deviation from linearity.…”