Thermal decomposition properties and compatibility of CL-20, NTO with silicone rubber

Lee, J.-S.; Jaw, Kuen-Shan

doi:10.1007/s10973-005-7325-0

Cited by 46 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…7, major changes in the apparent activation energy were shown, which are associated with the two-phase nature of the CL-20 decomposition process. For the degree of conversion, 0.02-0.15, the mean apparent activation energy of a Ea = 168 ± 7 kJ mol -1 was determined, it is a value close to the literature data pointing to 161 [3] and 166 kJ mol -1 [5]. For the degree of conversion of 0.15 B a B 0.50, the apparent activation energy increases from 165 ± 7 to 296 ± 32 kJ mol -1 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…In some papers, single values of the activation energy of the decomposition reaction of CL-20 are given [3,4]. Due to the possible occurrence of many parallel and successive reactions during decomposition, as mentioned in the introduction, it is necessary to analyse the dependence of changes in the activation energy with regard to the degree of conversion [9].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These components can be replaced with a high-energy filler such as 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2, 4,6,8,10,. In order to ensure the safe storage and use of rockets, propellant components should be compatible with each other [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The NATO Standardization Agency recommends determination of compatibility at heating rate of 2 K min -1 [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are some descriptions found in the literature which concern the compatibility examinations performed at heating rate of 10 K min -1 [2,8]. However, the best influence visibility of one substance on thermal decomposition of the other can be obtained by analysing changes of kinetic parameters of decomposition reaction [3,5,6]. In accordance with the recommendations of International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC), full kinetic analysis should be based on the determination of the activation energy, pre-exponential factor and reaction model [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal decomposition properties and compatibility of CL-20 with binders HTPB, PBAN, GAP and polyNIMMO

Gołofit

Zyśk

2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The compatibility of filler 2, 4,6,8,10,4,6,8,10, with rocket propellant binders: hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), butadiene-acrylonitrile-acrylic acid terpolymer (PBAN), glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) and poly(3-nitratomethyl-3-methyloxetane) (polyNIMMO), has been examined. The compatibility of the compounds has been tested in accordance with the STANAG 4147 standard and its modification consisting in the change of the heating rate. As it arises from STANAG 4147 standard criterion, CL-20 is not compatible with polyNIMMO, PBAN and GAP and possibly incompatible with HTPB. Changes of relative position of peaks between measurements performed in hermetical pans and pans with a pinhole and with different heating rate were observed. In case of polyNIMMO and HTPB, changes of measurement parameters lead to estimated compatibility change. The analysis of the thermal decomposition of CL-20 revealed that it is a two-phase process. The first phase is associated with decomposition in solid phase; the second phase is associated with decomposition of volatile intermediate products of CL-20 decomposition. Due to the complex process of decomposition of tested samples, the apparent activation energy was used for the assessment of the compatibility. The apparent activation energy of the initial phase of decomposition CL-20 and its mixtures with binders are compatible with one another within the limits of measurement error. Results of measurement of apparent activation energy do not indicate a destabilizing effect of binders on the initial phase of decomposition of CL-20.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermal decomposition properties and compatibility of CL-20 with binders HTPB, PBAN, GAP and polyNIMMO

Gołofit

Zyśk

2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…Thermoanalytical techniques, especially DSC, are frequently used in compatibility tests for energetic materials before practical application [9][10][11]. The main advantages of thermal analysis techniques aimed at compatibility tests in energetic materials are the use of small amounts of material and rapid measurements [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility Study of 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyridine-1-oxide with Some Energetic Materials

Wang

Lin

2016

Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater.

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For the application of 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyridine-1-oxide (ANPyO) in composite explosives, the compatibility of ANPyO with some energetic materials was studied by the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), where the energetic materials were cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX), cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX), 3,4-dinitrofurazanfuroxan (DNTF), hexanitrohexazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TATB), 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105), 5-amino-1H-tetrazole nitrate (5-ATEZN), ammonium perchlorate (AP), potassium perchlorate (KP), aluminum powder (Al), boron powder (B), magnesium hydride (MgH2) and magnesium borohydride (Mg(BH4)2). The results showed that the binary systems of ANPyO/ CL-20, ANPyO/NTO, ANPyO/5-ATEZN, ANPyO/Al, ANPyO/B, ANPyO/MgH2 and ANPyO/Mg(BH4)2 are compatible, and that the systems of ANPyO with RDX, LLM-105, HMX, AP and KP are sensitive, and with DNTF, TNT and TATB are incompatible.

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Synthesis, characterization, thermal stability, and compatibility properties of poly(vinylp‐nitrobenzal acetal)‐g‐polyglycidylazides

Chen

Jin

Peng

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A series of energetic polymers, poly(vinyl p-nitrobenzal acetal)-g-polyglycidylazides (PVPNB-g-GAPs), are obtained via cross-linking reactions of poly(vinyl p-nitrobenzal acetal) (PVPNB) with four different molecular weights polyglycidylazides (GAPs) using toluene diisocyanate as cross-linking agent. The structures of the energetic polymers are characterized by ultraviolet visible spectra (UV-Vis), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FT-IR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry ( 1 H NMR), and 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry ( 13 C NMR). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is applied to evaluate the glass-transition temperature of the polymers. DSC traces illustrate that PVPNB-g22 # GAP, PVPNB-g23 # GAP, and PVPNB-g24 # GAP have two distinct glass-transition temperatures, whereas PVPNB-g21 # GAP has one. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) are used to evaluate the thermal decomposition behavior of the four polymers and their compatibility with the main energetic components of TNT-based melt-cast explosives, such as cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX), cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine (RDX), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). The DTA and TGA curves obtained indicate that the polymers have excellent resistance to thermal decomposition up to 200 C. PVPNBg24 # GAP also exhibits good compatibility and could be safely used with TNT, HMX, and TATB but not with RDX.

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Thermal decomposition properties and compatibility of CL-20, NTO with silicone rubber

Cited by 46 publications

References 17 publications

Thermal decomposition properties and compatibility of CL-20 with binders HTPB, PBAN, GAP and polyNIMMO

Thermal decomposition properties and compatibility of CL-20 with binders HTPB, PBAN, GAP and polyNIMMO

Compatibility Study of 2,6-Diamino-3,5-dinitropyridine-1-oxide with Some Energetic Materials

Synthesis, characterization, thermal stability, and compatibility properties of poly(vinylp‐nitrobenzal acetal)‐g‐polyglycidylazides

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