Thermal cure kinetics of epoxidized linseed oil with anhydride hardener

Mahendran, Arunjunai Raj; Wuzella, Günter; Kandelbauer, Andreas; Aust, Nicolai

doi:10.1007/s10973-011-1585-7

Cited by 50 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Polyurethanes are synthesized from vegetable oils obtained from various plant seeds such as castor, jatropha, palm, soybean etc [35]- [42]. Large quantity of plants oils are important renewable source to make soaps, surfactants, lubricants, diluents, plasticizers, inks, agrochemicals, composite materials, food industry etc.…”

Section: Vegetable Oil Based Polyurethane Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Gadhave¹,

Mahanwar²,

Gadekar³

2017

OJPChem

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Bio-renewable sources used during manufacturing of polyurethane (PU) adhesives have been used extensively from last few decades and replaced petrochemical based PU adhesive due to their lower environmental impact, easy availability, low cost and biodegradability. Bio-renewable sources, such as vegetable oils (like palm oil, castor oil, jatropha oil, soybean oil), lactic acid, potato starch and other bio-renewable sources, constitute a rich source for the synthesis of polyols which are being considered for the production of "eco-friendly" PU adhesives. Various bio-renewable sources for synthesis of bio-based PU adhesives and their potential applications are discussed in this review. This paper will focus on the progress of research in bio-based materials for adhesive application.

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Section: Vegetable Oil Based Polyurethane Adhesivementioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Gadhave¹,

Mahanwar²,

Gadekar³

2017

OJPChem

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“…A structure based on a stoichiometric curing condition was assumed because the dominant reaction in the present epoxy-anhydride-imidazole system is esterification while etherification of epoxy groups is much slower [67]. The M c of the cured resin was calculated from equilibrium solvent swelling data based on the Flory-Rehner equation [47] (Equation (5)): (5) where !…”

Section: Crosslink Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vegetable oil-derived epoxy monomers and polymer blends: A comparative study with review

Wang¹,

Schuman²

2013

Express Polym. Lett.

147

118

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Abstract. Glycidyl esters of epoxidized fatty acids derived from soybean oil (EGS) and linseed oil (EGL) have been synthesized to have higher oxirane content, more reactivity and lower viscosity than epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) or epoxidized linseed oil (ELO). The EGS and ESO, for comparison, were used neat and in blends with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA). Thermosetting resins were fabricated with the epoxy monomers and either BF 3 catalyst or anhydride. The curing behaviors, glass transition temperatures, crosslink densities and mechanical properties were tested. The results indicated that polymer glass transition temperatures were mostly a function of oxirane content with additional influence of glycidyl versus internal oxirane reactivity, pendant chain content, and chemical structure and presence of saturated components. EGS provided better compatibility with DGEBA, improved intermolecular crosslinking and glass transition temperature, and yielded mechanically stronger polymerized materials than materials obtained using ESO. Other benefits of the EGS resin blend systems were significantly reduced viscosities compared to either DGEBA or ESO-blended DGEBA counterparts. Therefore, EGS that is derived from renewable sources has improved potential for fabrication of structural and structurally complex epoxy composites, e.g., by vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding.

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“…The proposed curing mechanisms of epoxy–anhydride compositions using tertiary amines and imidazoles as catalysts are well known and have been extensively described in the literature …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…are well known and have been extensively described in the literature. 16,[32][33][34] The only mention of a (unproved) mechanism for epoxyanhydride curing with phosphonium salts by Smith dates back to 1973. 13 Aiming at the elucidation of the curing mechanism of epoxy compounds in the presence of acid anhydrides catalyzed by phosphonium compounds we decided to run a series of model reactions between monomeric compounds monitored by mass spectrometry.…”

Section: Investigation Of Curing Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and mechanistic investigation of epoxy-anhydride compositions cured with quaternary phosphonium salts as accelerators

Amirova

Бурилов

Бауер

et al. 2015

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Mechanism and curing kinetics of bisphenol A epoxy resin-iso-methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride compositions using quaternary phosphonium salts as accelerators were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and electrospray mass-spectrometry (ESI-MS). The DSC method was applied to investigate curing kinetics and apparent activation energy values for the overall curing process. The DSC results showed that some of the phosphonium salts lead to a lower activation energy, that means they are more effective accelerators for the curing of epoxy-anhydride systems. The mechanism of curing was studied by ESI-MS using the model reaction of epichlorohydrin (E) with phthalic anhydride (PA) in the presence of phosphonium salts or 2-methylimidazole. Products containing the alkyl moiety of the phosphonium salt in form of alkyl esters could be identified. This suggests that the phosphonium salts activate the anhydride by electrophilic attack.

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Thermal cure kinetics of epoxidized linseed oil with anhydride hardener

Cited by 50 publications

References 38 publications

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Bio-Renewable Sources for Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Polyurethane Adhesives—Review

Vegetable oil-derived epoxy monomers and polymer blends: A comparative study with review

Kinetics and mechanistic investigation of epoxy-anhydride compositions cured with quaternary phosphonium salts as accelerators

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