Thermal Conditions for Viticulture in Poland

Kozminski, C.; Mąkosza, Agnieszka; Michalska, B.; Nidzgorska-Lencewicz, Jadwiga

doi:10.3390/su12145665

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(51 reference statements)

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“…Due to climate warming, increased thermal resources in Poland, and the observed earlier start of the growing season, farmers and gardeners have the opportunity to expand the cultivation of thermophilic plants by increasing the amount of land dedicated to their growth [32,58,[70][71][72][73]. However, in light of the above, there is a pressing need to determine whether frost still is a threat to plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, with respect to the number of days with frost, the representation would be completely different depending if the analysis concerned the calendar or the thermal growing season. As is presented in Figure 4, Due to climate warming, increased thermal resources in Poland, and the observed earlier start of the growing season, farmers and gardeners have the opportunity to expand the cultivation of thermophilic plants by increasing the amount of land dedicated to their growth [32,58,[70][71][72][73]. However, in light of the above, there is a pressing need to determine whether frost still is a threat to plants.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air Frosts in Poland in the Thermal Growing Season (AT > 5 °C)

et al. 2023

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Frosts cause damage to plants in field crops and also trees, thus contributing to heavy economic losses in agriculture. One of the consequences of climate warming is the lengthening of the thermal growing season (AT > 5 °C) and acceleration of phenological phases as well as the lengthening of the frost-free period. This favourable element allows the extension of the range of cultivated plants to include plants requiring warmth and a longer development period. The present study concerns the area of Poland. The data on mean and minimum 24-h period air temperature (200 cm above ground level—AGL) were obtained from 52 meteorological stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB) for the period 1971–2020. A day with air frost was identified when the recorded minimum air temperature was below 0.0 °C and the mean 24-h period air temperature was above 0.0 °C. All calculations concerning frosts were limited to the period with mean 24-h period air temperature >5 °C (the growing season) as determined with the Gumiński method. The obtained results show that in the thermal growing season (AT > 5 °C) in Poland, no statistically significant change in the average number of days with air frosts in the period 1971–2020 was found. On average, in Poland, in the years 1971–2020, a lengthening of the thermal growing season by 6.2 days over 10 years was identified. Earlier disappearance of the latest air frosts in spring was identified as 2 to 3 days over 10 years, and the later occurrence of air frosts in autumn as 1 to 4 days over 10 years. The share of severe (−4.1°C ÷ −6.0 °C) and very severe (<−6.0 °C) frosts in the total number of days with air frosts in Poland amounts to, on average, 5.8% in spring and 2.6% in autumn.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air Frosts in Poland in the Thermal Growing Season (AT > 5 °C)

et al. 2023

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“…On the one hand, the ongoing global warming, an increase in thermal resources in the area of Poland and an earlier dates of the beginning of the growing season are advantageous to farmers and gardeners who can increase the acreage of thermophilic plants cultivation [55]. On the other hand, in the case of early sowing or planting in spring, there is an increased risk of frost damage [11,28,36,56,57].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Frosts in Poland in the Growing Season

et al. 2021

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The ongoing climate warming affects, among others, and the variability of thermal conditions in spring and autumn are resulting in earlier dates of the beginning and end of the growing season. The present paper provides detailed characteristics of the phenomenon of ground frosts, addressing the question of whether the risk of frost-related damage in the extending growing season is still present. The assessment of temporal and spatial distribution of ground frosts (5 cm above ground level-AGL) in Poland in the thermal growing season (AT > 5 °C) was conducted on the basis of the results of air temperature measurements at 5 and 200 cm a.g.l. obtained from 52 station of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research Institute for the period 1971–2020. The thermal growing season was calculated using the method by Gumiński. The following were calculated: the dates of the occurrence of ground frosts in spring and autumn, duration of the frost-free period, the number of days with frosts of various intensity, according to years, ten-day period and days in a year together with trends of change. The conducted analysis demonstrated that the number of days with frosts in the thermal growing season in the multiannual period under analysis (1971–2020) does not show any statistically significant changes. It was found that in the thermal growing season, the average number of days with ground frosts in Poland amounts to 28 and ranges in spring from 15 to 22, and in autumn from 8 to 12. Most frequently, approx. 49%, slight frosts are recorded, followed by moderate (29%), severe (15%) and very severe (7%). A positive effect of water reservoirs on decreasing the frequency and intensity of frosts, as well as sporadic occurrence of the phenomenon in the second half of June were demonstrated. Statistically significant earlier dates of disappearance of frosts in spring, later dates of occurrence in autumn and the lengthening of the frost-free period from approximately 2 days in the north-east of Poland to approximately 8.0 days over 10 years in the Pomerania region, create increasingly more favourable conditions for the cultivation of plants with high thermal requirements in Poland.

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“…W przypadku gatunków uprawianych w sadach, poziom zbiorów może być nawet 5 razy większy [37]. Dla porównania zbiory winogron, zarówno białych jak i czarnych, w Polsce w latach 2018/2019 wyniosły 6,24 t/ha [23].…”

Section: Charakterystyka Owoców Zapomnianychunclassified

Owoce Zapomniane Jako Potencjalne Surowce Winiarskie

Krankowski¹,

Tarko²

2022

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Wprowadzenie. Lokalny oraz światowy rynek win owocowych nieustannie się rozwija, co niesie za sobą konieczność odkrywania nowych, wartościowych surowców winiarskich o ciekawym profilu sensorycznym i specyficznych właściwościach technologicznych. W pracy określono możliwości wykorzystania owoców, które w przemyśle spożywczym stanowią niewielki udział przetwórczy, tj. derenia jadalnego, głogu, morwy białej oraz bzu czarnego do produkcji win owocowych i przedstawiono realne problemy związane w technologią produkcyjną win z wyżej wymienionych owoców oraz ich rozwiązania. Wyniki i wnioski. Wybrane owoce w różnym stopniu nadają się do produkcji win, ze względu na konieczność zastosowania różnych technik winiarskich podczas produkcji trunków. Owoce derenia charakteryzują się zawartością cukrów w przedziale od 6 do 19 %, koniecznością stosowania enzymów pektolitycznych oraz łatwością pozyskania moszczu. Zawartość cukrów w owocach głogu kształtuje się na poziomie 13 %, a przez suchy i mączysty miąższ trudno uzyskać moszcz. Stężenie cukrów w owocach morwy białej wynosi średnio 12 % i odznaczają się one względnie łatwą obróbką przed fermentacją. Owoce czarnego bzu charakteryzują się niską zawartością cukrów – około 9 %. Obecność w ich miąższu toksycznego glikozydu cyjanogennego – sambunigryny wymaga dodatkowej obróbki termicznej, w celu obniżenia jego zawartości. Najmniejszej korekty pod względem kwasowości oraz zawartości cukrów wymagają owoce białej morwy, zaś największej – jagody czarnego bzu oraz owoce derenia. Dodatkowe zabiegi technologiczne sprawiają, że owoce czarnego bzu oraz głogu, spośród przedstawionych, najgorzej nadają się do produkcji win owocowych.

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Thermal Conditions for Viticulture in Poland

Cited by 13 publications

References 43 publications

Air Frosts in Poland in the Thermal Growing Season (AT > 5 °C)

Air Frosts in Poland in the Thermal Growing Season (AT > 5 °C)

Ground Frosts in Poland in the Growing Season

Owoce Zapomniane Jako Potencjalne Surowce Winiarskie

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