Thermal characterization of recycled polymer for additive manufacturing applications

Boparai, Kamaljit Singh; Singh, Rupinder; Fabbrocino, Francesco; Fraternali, Fernando

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.09.009

Cited by 92 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These remains of PET originate from combustion products of the aromatic backbone rings only found in PET, as will be discussed later. The reported degradation temperature for recycled nylon is 416°C ; however, in this work, we found a significantly lower degradation temperature (250°C) using a low rate of heating (1°C/min).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Thermal Stability and Early Degradation Mechanisms of High‐Density Polyethylene, Polyamide 6 (Nylon 6), and Polyethylene Terephthalate

Sustaita‐Rodríguez

Medellín‐Rodríguez

Olvera‐Mendez

et al. 2019

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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The thermal stability and degradation mechanisms of three semicrystalline polymers (polyethylene terephthalate [PET], high-density polyethylene [HDPE], and polyamide 6 [nylon 6]) were studied. Thermogravimetric traces were acquired first at heating rates of 1 C/min and 10 C/min, and it was determined that the heating rate significantly affected the thermal decay curves of the three polymers. The results allowed the selection of specific temperatures at which to carry out heating and cooling cycles from room temperature to the molten state. The thermal behaviors of HDPE, nylon 6, and PET each had particular characteristics. HDPE showed the highest thermal resistance, whereas nylon 6 displayed the lowest. PET had the lowest activation energy for degradation, 93.5 kJ/mol, and retained 14 wt% after thermal recycling with no influence of molecular weight. Thermal cycling also revealed gradual morphological changes in HDPE, nylon 6, and PET, and their crystals changed from regular to branched spherulites with variations in the nucleation patterns. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements allowed us to explain the early stages of degradation for each polymer. POLYM. ENG.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 63%

Thermal Stability and Early Degradation Mechanisms of High‐Density Polyethylene, Polyamide 6 (Nylon 6), and Polyethylene Terephthalate

Sustaita‐Rodríguez

Medellín‐Rodríguez

Olvera‐Mendez

et al. 2019

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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“…Additive manufacturing in polymers recycling can proceed with simultaneous enhancement of materials’ thermal, mechanical, and tribological properties by forming composites that constitute polymeric matrix that is reinforced with fiber, ceramics, metal, or glass (Boparai et al 2016 ). Such improved materials require characterization by different techniques to investigate also degradation of the material: thermal analysis (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), as well as thermal conductivity (Boparai et al 2016 ). Thermoplastic polymers can also be used to obtain composite materials that add value by improving esthetic and mechanical characteristic of the material (Stoof and Pickering 2018 ).…”

Section: Future Perspectives and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printing filament as a second life of waste plastics—a review

Mikula

Skrzypczak

Izydorczyk

et al. 2020

Environ Sci Pollut Res

236

111

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In recent times, the issue of plastic recycling has become one of the leading issues of environmental protection and waste management. Polymer materials have been found an application in many areas of daily life and industry. Along with their extended use, the problem of plastic wastes appeared because, after withdrawal from use, they became persistent and noxious wastes. The possibility of reusing polymeric materials gives a possibility of valorization-a second life-and enables effective waste utilization to obtain consumable products. The 3D printing market is a well-growing sector. Printable filaments can be made from a variety of thermoplastic materials, including those from recycling. This paper focuses on a review of the available literature on the production of filaments for 3D printers from recycled polymers as the alternative to present approach of central selective collection of plastics. The possibility of recycling of basic thermoplastic materials and the impact of processing on their physicochemical and mechanical properties were verified (Lanzotti et al. 2019). In addition, commercially available filaments produced from recycled materials and devices which allow self-production of filaments to 3D printing from plastic waste were reviewed.

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“…As is known, a ductile-type failure is preferable to a brittle-type failure; therefore, a design can be performed considering the strength hierarchy. This principle allows for the identification of a better way to design a new joint or eventually retrofit an existing one (e.g., adopting traditional or innovative solutions like as FRP, FRCM, or even newer technologies [38][39][40][41][42][43][44]) to achieve the desired behaviour and failure mode.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Oriented Model for the Assessment of T-Shaped Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frames

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Beam-column joints represent very important elements of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. In fact, beams and columns, at the boundary, generate internal forces acting on concrete core and on reinforcement bars with a very high gradient. To fully understand the seismic performances and the failure modes of T-shaped beam-column joints (external corner-positioned) in RC structures, a simplified analytical model of joint behaviour is proposed and theoretical simulations have been performed. The model is based on the solution of a system of equilibrium equations of cracked joint portions designed to evaluate internal stresses at different values of column shear forces. The main aim of the proposed model is to identify the strength hierarchy. Limit values of different internal stresses allow us to detect the occurrence of different failure modes (namely the failure of the cracked joint, the bond failure of passing through bars, and the flexural/shear failures of columns or beams) associated with column shear forces; the smaller one represents the capacity of the joint. The present work, focusing on T-shaped joints, could represent a useful tool for designers to quantify the performance of new structures or of existing ones. In fact, such a tool allows us to push an initial undesired failure mode to a more appropriate one to be evaluated. Finally, some experimental results of tests available in literature are reported, analysed, and compared to the predictions of the proposed model (by means of a worked example) and of some international codes. The outcomes confirm that failure modes and corresponding joint capacities require an analytical model, like the proposed one, to be accurately predicted.

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Thermal characterization of recycled polymer for additive manufacturing applications

Cited by 92 publications

References 29 publications

Thermal Stability and Early Degradation Mechanisms of High‐Density Polyethylene, Polyamide 6 (Nylon 6), and Polyethylene Terephthalate

Thermal Stability and Early Degradation Mechanisms of High‐Density Polyethylene, Polyamide 6 (Nylon 6), and Polyethylene Terephthalate

3D printing filament as a second life of waste plastics—a review

Design Oriented Model for the Assessment of T-Shaped Beam-Column Joints in Reinforced Concrete Frames

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