Thermal and mechanical aspect of entropy-exergy relationship

Palazzo, Pierfrancesco

doi:10.1186/2251-6832-3-4

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The inverse (and reversible) process requires the weight process to represent the minimum net useful work released to A while extracting a corresponding maximum non-useful heat from T R . On the other hand, in addition to the maximum net useful work, the concept of available energy [1] [10]. In fact, in this case, the input work occurs through the interaction of system A with mechanical reservoir M R .…”

Section: Necessity and Sufficiency Of Pressure Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generalized exergy can be regarded as the sum of generalized physical exergy, resulting from the sum of thermal exergy and mechanical exergy [10], and generalized chemical exergy, resulting from the sum of chemical exergy and mechanical exergy [11]. An expression of the first one can be provided through two different procedures based on non-cyclic processes [10] and on cyclic processes, in particular the Carnot and Joule cycles [12] [13]. Likewise, the additivity of the entropy property is proved considering the additivity of energy and generalized exergy from which it is defined.…”

Section: Generalized Entropy Derived From Generalized Exergymentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Generalized Statement of Highest-Entropy Principle for Stable Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium in Many-Particle Systems

Palazzo¹

2016

JMP

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Among all statements of Second Law, the existence and uniqueness of stable equilibrium, for each given value of energy content and composition of constituents of any system, have been adopted to define thermodynamic entropy by means of the impossibility of Perpetual Motion Machine of the Second Kind (PMM2) which is a consequence of the Second Law. Equality of temperature, chemical potential and pressure in many-particle systems are proved to be necessary conditions for the stable equilibrium. The proofs assume the stable equilibrium and derive, by means of the Highest-Entropy Principle, equality of temperature, chemical potential and pressure as a consequence. A first novelty of the present research is to demonstrate that equality is also a sufficient condition, in addition to necessity, for stable equilibrium implying that stable equilibrium is a condition also necessary, in addition to sufficiency, for equality of temperature potential and pressure addressed to as generalized potential. The second novelty is that the proof of sufficiency of equality, or necessity of stable equilibrium, is achieved by means of a generalization of entropy property, derived from a generalized definition of exergy, both being state and additive properties accounting for heat, mass and work interactions of the system underpinning the definition of Highest-Generalized-Entropy Principle adopted in the proof.

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Section: Necessity and Sufficiency Of Pressure Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Generalized Entropy Derived From Generalized Exergymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Generalized Statement of Highest-Entropy Principle for Stable Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium in Many-Particle Systems

Palazzo¹

2016

JMP

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“…The inverse (and reversible) process requires the weight process to be the minimum net useful work released to A and extracting a corresponding maximum non-useful heat from T R . Nevertheless, the weight process can also be regarded as an interaction suitable for calculating the minimum non-useful work ( ) [7]. In this case, the weight process occurs through the interaction of system A with mechanical reservoir M R until the difference of pressure between system and reservoir is null.…”

Section: Mechanical Stable Equilibrium As a Sufficient Condition (Or mentioning

confidence: 99%

Theorem of Necessity and Sufficiency of Stable Equilibrium for Generalized Potential Equality between System and Reservoir

Palazzo¹

2014

JMP

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The literature reports that equality of temperature, equality of potential and equality of pressure between a system and a reservoir are necessary conditions for the stable equilibrium of the system-reservoir composite or, in the opposite and equivalent logical inference, that stable equilibrium is a sufficient condition for equality. The aim and the first novelty of the present study is to prove that equality of temperature, potential and pressure is also a sufficient condition for stable equilibrium, in addition to necessity, implying that stable equilibrium is a condition also necessary, in addition to sufficiency, for equality. The second novelty is that the proof of the sufficiency of equality (or the necessity of stable equilibrium) is attained by means of the generalization of the entropy property, derived from the generalization of exergy property, which is used to demonstrate that stable equilibrium is a logical consequence of equality of generalized potential. This proof is underpinned by the Second Law statement and the Maximum-Entropy Principle based on generalized entropy which depends on temperature, potential and pressure of the reservoir. The conclusion, based on these two novel concepts, consists of the theorem of necessity and sufficiency of stable equilibrium for equality of generalized potentials within a composite constituted by a system and a reservoir.

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“…The inverse and reversible process requires the weight process to be the minimum net useful work released to A extracting a corresponding maximum non-useful heat from T R . Nevertheless, the weight process can also be regarded as an interaction suitable for calculating the minimum non-useful work   [11]. In this case, the weight process occurs through the interaction of the system A with the mechanical reservoir M R until the difference in pressure between system and reservoir is null.…”

Section: Mechanical Entropy Related To Mechanical Stable Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The weight process constitutes a device adopted to measure the maximum net useful work extracted from a system A releasing a corresponding minimum non-useful heat to a (thermal) reservoir T R according to the definition of generalized available energy and thermal exergy [1,11] here adopted. The inverse and reversible process requires the weight process to be the minimum net useful work released to A extracting a corresponding maximum non-useful heat from T R .…”

Section: Mechanical Entropy Related To Mechanical Stable Equilibriummentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method to Derive the Definition of Generalized Entropy from Generalized Exergy for Any State in Many-Particle Systems

Palazzo

2015

Entropy

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Abstract:The literature reports the proofs that entropy is an inherent property of any system in any state and governs thermal energy, which depends on temperature and is transferred by heat interactions. A first novelty proposed in the present study is that mechanical energy, determined by pressure and transferred by work interactions, is also characterized by the entropy property. The second novelty is that a generalized definition of entropy relating to temperature, chemical potential and pressure of many-particle systems, is established to calculate the thermal, chemical and mechanical entropy contribution due to heat, mass and work interactions. The expression of generalized entropy is derived from generalized exergy, which in turn depends on temperature, chemical potential and pressure of the system, and by the entropy-exergy relationship constituting the basis of the method adopted to analyze the available energy and its transfer interactions with a reference system which may be external or constitute a subsystem. This method is underpinned by the Second Law statement enunciated in terms of existence and uniqueness of stable equilibrium for each value of energy content of the system. The equality of chemical potential and equality of pressure are assumed, in addition to equality of temperature, to be necessary conditions for stable equilibrium.

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Thermal and mechanical aspect of entropy-exergy relationship

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

A Generalized Statement of Highest-Entropy Principle for Stable Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium in Many-Particle Systems

A Generalized Statement of Highest-Entropy Principle for Stable Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium in Many-Particle Systems

Theorem of Necessity and Sufficiency of Stable Equilibrium for Generalized Potential Equality between System and Reservoir

A Method to Derive the Definition of Generalized Entropy from Generalized Exergy for Any State in Many-Particle Systems

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