A Method to Derive the Definition of Generalized Entropy from Generalized Exergy for Any State in Many-Particle Systems

Palazzo, Pierfrancesco

doi:10.3390/e17042025

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“… PMM2 is adopted in the proof of the entropy definition related to temperature, hence it is the definition of a thermal entropy property. Highest-(thermal)-entropy principle is applied to prove that stable equilibrium implies the equality of temperature, potential and pressure while thermal entropy determines thermal energy and heat interaction only, this representing a logical incompleteness and inconsistency thus introducing an incongruity [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. To remove the incongruity, equality of temperature, potential and pressure have to imply thermal, chemical and mechanical equilibria and this opposite proof needs chemical entropy and mechanical entropy, in addition to thermal entropy, to assert a highest-generalized-entropy principle to be used in the proof [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Considerations On Physical Aspect Of Second Law and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Highest-(thermal)-entropy principle is applied to prove that stable equilibrium implies the equality of temperature, potential and pressure while thermal entropy determines thermal energy and heat interaction only, this representing a logical incompleteness and inconsistency thus introducing an incongruity [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Considerations On Physical Aspect Of Second Law and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To remove the incongruity, equality of temperature, potential and pressure have to imply thermal, chemical and mechanical equilibria and this opposite proof needs chemical entropy and mechanical entropy, in addition to thermal entropy, to assert a highest-generalized-entropy principle to be used in the proof [ 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Considerations On Physical Aspect Of Second Law and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concept of equivalence and interconvertibility demonstrated by Gaggioli [ 25 , 26 , 27 ], further corroborates the need of entropy contributions specially defined for thermal, chemical and mechanical forms of energy and interaction. To do so, the definition of generalized thermodynamic entropy consists of the sum of terms expressing thermal, chemical and mechanical contributions of entropy property being extensive and additive for any system in any state [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]:

where

is the thermal entropy, or kinematic entropy,

is the chemical entropy, or geometric entropy, and

is the mechanical entropy characterizing, respectively, heat, mass and work interactions with useful external system and non-useful external reservoir. The physical meaning of these contributions can be clarified in relation to the microscopic model of the system constituted by a set of few particles or many particles in the framework of Statistical Physics perspective.…”

Section: Generalized Thermodynamic Entropy and Exergy Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hierarchical Structure of Generalized Thermodynamic and Informational Entropy

Palazzo

2018

Entropy

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The present research aimed at discussing the thermodynamic and informational aspects of entropy concept to propose a unitary perspective of its definitions as an inherent property of any system in any state. The dualism and the relation between physical nature of information and the informational content of physical states of matter and phenomena play a fundamental role in the description of multi-scale systems characterized by hierarchical configurations. A method is proposed to generalize thermodynamic and informational entropy property and characterize the hierarchical structure of its canonical definition at macroscopic and microscopic levels of a system described in the domain of classical and quantum physics. The conceptual schema is based on dualisms and symmetries inherent to the geometric and kinematic configurations and interactions occurring in many-particle and few-particle thermodynamic systems. The hierarchical configuration of particles and sub-particles, representing the constitutive elements of physical systems, breaks down into levels characterized by particle masses subdivision, implying positions and velocities degrees of freedom multiplication. This hierarchy accommodates the allocation of phenomena and processes from higher to lower levels in the respect of the equipartition theorem of energy. However, the opposite and reversible process, from lower to higher level, is impossible by virtue of the Second Law, expressed as impossibility of Perpetual Motion Machine of the Second Kind (PMM2) remaining valid at all hierarchical levels, and the non-existence of Maxwell's demon. Based on the generalized definition of entropy property, the hierarchical structure of entropy contribution and production balance, determined by degrees of freedom and constraints of systems configuration, is established. Moreover, as a consequence of the Second Law, the non-equipartition theorem of entropy is enunciated, which would be complementary to the equipartition theorem of energy derived from the First Law.Entropy 2018, 20, 553 2 of 19 and its hierarchical structure associated to multi-scale system configuration; and (ii) the possibility (and, for a rigorous approach, the need) of extending to information science the generalization of foundations and properties in the thermodynamic domain with the aim of achieving a complete and consistent conceptual framework. The intent is here to highlight correlations among different facets of the theoretical and methodological building under elaboration by the community of physicists and information scientists.

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Section: Considerations On Physical Aspect Of Second Law and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Considerations On Physical Aspect Of Second Law and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Considerations On Physical Aspect Of Second Law and Thermmentioning

confidence: 99%

where

is the thermal entropy, or kinematic entropy,

is the chemical entropy, or geometric entropy, and

Section: Generalized Thermodynamic Entropy and Exergy Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hierarchical Structure of Generalized Thermodynamic and Informational Entropy

Palazzo

2018

Entropy

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“…When linking entropy to the definition of exergy, it is known that entropy generation correlates with exergy destruction [6,25,26] as exergy destructions measure the real inefficiency of the system [27]. Exergy analysis also often assesses the entropy portion by including irreversibility [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Entropy Generation to Exergy Efficiency at Varying Reference Environment Temperature: Case Study of an Air Handling Unit

Streckienė

Martinaitis

Bielskus

2019

Entropy

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The continuous energy transformation processes in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems of buildings are responsible for 36% of global final energy consumption. Tighter thermal insulation requirements for buildings have significantly reduced heat transfer losses. Unfortunately, this has little effect on energy demand for ventilation. On the basis of the First and the Second Law of Thermodynamics, the concepts of entropy and exergy are applied to the analysis of ventilation air handling unit (AHU) with a heat pump, in this paper. This study aims to develop a consistent approach for this purpose, taking into account the variations of reference temperature and temperatures of working fluids. An analytical investigation on entropy generation and exergy analysis are used, when exergy is determined by calculating coenthalpies and evaluating exergy flows and their directions. The results show that each component of the AHU has its individual character of generated entropy, destroyed exergy, and exergy efficiency variation. However, the evaporator of the heat pump and fans have unabated quantities of exergy destruction. The exergy efficiency of AHU decreases from 45–55% to 12–15% when outdoor air temperature is within the range of −30 to +10 °C, respectively. This helps to determine the conditions and components of improving the exergy efficiency of the AHU at variable real-world local climate conditions. The presented methodological approach could be used in the dynamic modelling software and contribute to a wider application of the Second Law of Thermodynamics in practice.

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Thermal and Chemical Aspect in Equation of State and Relation with Generalized Thermodynamic Entropy

Palazzo

2018

International Journal of Thermodynamics

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First intent of the present research is to prove the rationale behind a generalized definition of thermodynamic entropy as a state and additive property inherent to any system, large or small, in any state, equilibrium or non-equilibrium. The second objective is to extend the canonical equation of state in the perspective of thermal and chemical aspect of microscopic configurations of a system related to inter-particle kinetic energy and inter-particle potential energy determining macroscopic parameters. As a consequence, a generalized state equation is formulated accounting for thermal, chemical and mechanical thermodynamic potentials characterizing any system in any state.

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A Method to Derive the Definition of Generalized Entropy from Generalized Exergy for Any State in Many-Particle Systems

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Hierarchical Structure of Generalized Thermodynamic and Informational Entropy

Hierarchical Structure of Generalized Thermodynamic and Informational Entropy

From Entropy Generation to Exergy Efficiency at Varying Reference Environment Temperature: Case Study of an Air Handling Unit

Thermal and Chemical Aspect in Equation of State and Relation with Generalized Thermodynamic Entropy

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