Thermal and hydrometallurgical recovery methods of heavy metals from municipal solid waste fly ash

Removal of toxic and alkali/alkaline earth metals during co-thermal treatment of two types of MSWI fly ashes in China

“…Other researchers (Kuboň ová et al, 2013;Nowak et al, 2010) also showed the similar results. For Zn and Cu, the vaporization were low, which were affected by diffusion process and formation of thermodynamically stable aluminates.…”

Enrichment of heavy metals in fine particles of municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) fly ash and associated health risk

“…A large number of studies focused on the total amount, chemical species and potential TCLP leaching of heavy metals from MSWI fly ash in stabilization/solidification (S/S) treatment and recycling processes (Cetin et al, 2012;Kuboň ová et al, 2013;Pan et al, 2013;Quina et al, 2008a;Shi and Kan, 2009;Sukandar et al, 2006). However, studies regarding the risk of MSWI fly ash in the re-suspended dust during S/S pretreatment or the recycling process are quite scarce.…”

Selection of wet digestion methods for metal quantification in hazardous solid wastes

“…The resultant 10 depletion of ores to satisfy demand for these metals poses a threat 11 to their supply and has intensified the search for secondary ores. 12 Hazardous solid wastes such as spent catalysts, electronic wastes, 13 battery wastes, and fly ash are rich in heavy metals and hence may 14 be considered as 'secondary' or 'artificial' ores [1].…”

“…An examination of research publications on 37 the leaching of fly ash [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] revealed that only few studies reported 38 the acid digestion protocols used. Moreover, different studies 39 adopted different protocols in solid digestion for metal quantifica-40 tion [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] (including wet digestion methods, and XRF [17]). In 41 view of the importance of metal quantification in determining the 42 effectiveness of the metal recovery techniques, there is a need for a 43 standardized acid digestion protocol for any particular type of 44 waste.…”