Selection of wet digestion methods for metal quantification in hazardous solid wastes

Ramanathan, Thulasya; Ting, Yen‐Peng

doi:10.1016/j.jece.2015.05.006

Cited by 27 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similar observations have been reported previously [29,42]. Apart from higher metal recovery, the microwave-based digestion protocol was faster than the traditional method; the US EPA SW 846 Method 3050B at 95 • C required a treatment time of 270 min, while the ultrasound-and microwave-modified protocols required 40 min and 20 min, respectively.…”

Section: Effect Of Different Driving Forces On Metal Recovery From Esmsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This protocol is not a standard digestion method but has been reported in earlier studies for the digestion of fly ash [29,36,37]. In this method, 0.25 g of the ESM sample is kept in Teflon digestion crucibles followed by the sequential addition of 5 mL conc.…”

Section: Microwave-assisted Digestion Methods 3 (Mwd-3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UD-1 and UD-2 are customized protocols of standard digestion methods for use in an ultrasonic bath. UD-3 and UD-4, however, are non-standard methods, and have been adapted from a previous report on fly ash digestion [29]. Both UD-3 and UD-4 were found to be efficient in solubilizing copper, nickel, lead, and zinc, and hence were extended for digesting ESM samples.…”

Section: Digestion Reactions In An Ultrasonic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coefficient of variation was less than 10%. The use of different extraction reagents in SExM effectively segregates the various metals present in a solid waste matrix into different fractions, based on their chemical forms [29]. In the present study, the Modified Tessier sequential extraction protocol was used to determine the chemical form of the metals in the matrix (Figure 4).…”

Section: Efficacy Of Different Acids For Metal Dissolution From Esmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Wet Digestion Methods for Quantification of Metal Content in Electronic Scrap Material

Das

Ting

2017

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Recent advances in the electronics sector and the short life-span of electronic products have triggered an exponential increase in the generation of electronic waste (E-waste). Effective recycling of E-waste has thus become a serious solid waste management challenge. E-waste management technologies include pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and bioleaching. Determining the metal content of an E-waste sample is critical in evaluating the efficiency of a metal recovery method in E-waste recycling. However, E-waste is complex and of diverse origins. The lack of a standard digestion method for E-waste has resulted in difficulty in comparing the efficiencies of different metal recovery processes. In this study, several solid digestion protocols including American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)-D6357-11, United States Environment Protection Agency Solid Waste (US EPA SW) 846 Method 3050b, ultrasound-assisted, and microwave digestion methods were compared to determine the metal content (Ag, Al, Au, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, Pd, Sn, and Zn) of electronic scrap materials (ESM) obtained from two different sources. The highest metal recovery (mg/g of ESM) was obtained using ASTM D6357-11 for most of the metals, which remained mainly bound to silicate fractions, while a microwave-assisted digestion protocol (MWD-2) was more effective in solubilizing Al, Pb, and Sn. The study highlights the need for a judicious selection of digestion protocol, and proposes steps for selecting an effective acid digestion method for ESM.

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Section: Effect Of Different Driving Forces On Metal Recovery From Esmsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Microwave-assisted Digestion Methods 3 (Mwd-3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Digestion Reactions In An Ultrasonic Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Efficacy Of Different Acids For Metal Dissolution From Esmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Wet Digestion Methods for Quantification of Metal Content in Electronic Scrap Material

Das

Ting

2017

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“…(Stenvall et al 2013;Dahlén & Lagerkvist 2008;Van der Sloot & Kosson 2012;Musee et al 2008;Guta et al 2013). In the literature there are presented a series of preparation methods for waste samples in order to determine the heavy metals from them, such as digestion in open systems and closed systems (Mester & Sturgeon 2003;Qi et al 2007;Nóbrega & Donati 2011;Ramanathan & Ting 2015), combustion (Flores et al 2007), ultrasonic extraction and solvent dilution (Nelson et al 2015;Mello et al 2012). The paper presents two experimental models for the characterization and analysis of industrial wastes and their application for wastes samples preparation and pretreatment in order to determine heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Models of Characterization and Analysis of Industrial Waste

Kim¹,

Muresan²,

Cuciureanu³

et al. 2017

Simi 2017

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In the present paper we report, a series of experimental characterization and analysis models that can be applied to industrial waste samples in order to determine the heavy metals within them. During our studies we determined that both preparation and pretreatment of the waste sample are the two most important steps in the analysis process. Therefore, an increased attention was given in using appropriate procedures and methods for preparation and pretreatment. In order to ensure a correct and secure analysis were developed experimental models based on preparation and pretreatment stages and also on organic matrix decomposition method (digestion process with acid mixture under microwave). These experimental models were tested on a series of wastes coming from processing and finishing activities of metal surfaces and other materials. Metal concentration was analyzed by AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry) and XRF (X-ray fluorescence spectrometry). The obtained results proved that the proposed experimental models are suitable for analysis of different types of industrial wastes samples.

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Optimal Removal of Heavy Metals From Leachate Contaminated Soil Using Bioaugmentation Process

Emenike

Liew

Fahmi

et al. 2017

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Bioremediation of soil contaminated with metals from leachate is a complex process because it requires understanding the microbial interaction common to such contaminated environment. Therefore, this study tried to enhance the reduction of some extractable metals such as Pb, Cu, and Al through bioaugmentation with inocula of bacterial species isolated from leachate‐contaminated soil. Assessment of metal concentrations in the soil was carried out through characterization (US EPA 3050B test method). Furthermore, the persistent microbes were isolated from the contaminated soil before mixing the microbial culture in terms of combinations and concentration (1.3 ABS at 600 nm). The inoculum obtained was dispensed into the induced leachate‐contaminated garden soil (10% v/w). A combination of all the isolated microbes recorded less efficiency, unlike the selective use of only three bacterial species (Lysinibacillus sp., Bacillus sp., and Rhodococcus sp.) which gave better metal removal efficiency to a significant level (p < 0.05); extractable Pb, Al, and Cu were reduced by 71, 72, and 86%, respectively. This indicates that just amending the concentrations of microbes do not give the optimal remediation potential of the microbes, rather selection is very important. Lysinibacillus sp., Bacillus sp., and Rhodococcus sp. were the only isolated Gram‐positive bacteria that possibly influenced the metal removal efficiency when blended together as the bioaugmentation agent. The bioaugmentation process enhanced the reduction in concentrations of the heavy metals within the contaminated soil.

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Selection of wet digestion methods for metal quantification in hazardous solid wastes

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Evaluation of Wet Digestion Methods for Quantification of Metal Content in Electronic Scrap Material

Evaluation of Wet Digestion Methods for Quantification of Metal Content in Electronic Scrap Material

Experimental Models of Characterization and Analysis of Industrial Waste

Optimal Removal of Heavy Metals From Leachate Contaminated Soil Using Bioaugmentation Process

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