Thermal and ambient-induced deflections of scanning force microscope cantilevers

Thundat, Thomas; Warmack, R. J.; Chen, G. Y.; Allison, David P.

doi:10.1063/1.111407

Cited by 406 publications

(243 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These changes in surface stress are in general not the same on the bottom and the top side. Any difference in surface stress Ds will lead to a bending of the cantilever [40,41]. For a rectangular cantilever this leads to Practically, these changes in surface stress lead to an unpredictable drift of the cantilever deflection which disturbs force measurements.…”

Section: General Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Butt

Cappella

Kappl

2005

Surface Science Reports

3,198

2,949

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Section: General Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Butt

Cappella

Kappl

2005

Surface Science Reports

3,198

2,949

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Early work presented the silicon cantilevers for temperature sensing [4]. Further advances in nanomechanics allowed the use of microcantilevers for the detection of biomarkers and the transduction of DNA hybridisation into a nanomechanical response [9][10][11], along with the use of silicon cantilevers for the detection of volatile organic compounds [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequent binding of target molecules to one side of the cantilever causes a static cantilever deflection that be correlated to a specific surface binding reaction or molecular reorganisation process. So far, microcantilever based sensors have been successfully used to monitor a variety of different physical [3,4], chemical [5,6] and biological interactions [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microcantilever arrays functionalised with spiropyran photoactive moieties as systems to measure photo-induced surface stress changes

Grogan¹,

Florea

Koprivica

et al. 2016

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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Herein we investigate the feasibility of detecting photo-induced surface stress changes using the deflection response of cantilevers. For this purpose, silicon microcantilevers have been functionalised with spiropyran photochromic molecules, using both a monolayer and a polymeric brushes approach. Upon ultraviolet light irradiation, the spiropyran unit is converted to the merocyanine form due to the photo-induced cleavage of the C spiro -O bond. The two forms of the molecule have dramatically different charge, polarity and molecular conformations. This makes spiropyrans an ideal system to study the correlation between photo-induced molecular changes and corresponding changes in surface stress. Our investigations include monitoring the changes in static cantilever deflection, and consequently, surface stress of the spiropyran functionalised cantilevers on exposure to ultraviolet light. Cantilever deflection data reveals that ultraviolet induced conformational changes in the spiropyran moiety cause a change in compressive surface 2 stress and this varies with the type of functionalisation method implemented. The change in surface stress response from the spiropyran polymer brushes functionalised cantilevers gives an average surface stress change of 98 Nm -1 (n = 8) while the spiropyran monolayer coated cantilevers have an average surface stress change of about 446 Nm -1 (n = 24) upon irradiation with UV light.

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“…The specific reaction or combination between the analyte and the sensing layer can cause surface stress on the cantilever that gives rise to a bending of the cantilever [1,4,15,16]. For a resonant cantilever, however, the sensing area would be better to be localized near the free end to enhance the mass loading signal and to depress cross-talk signal from springconstant change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated MEMS/NEMS Resonant Cantilevers for Ultrasensitive Biological Detection

Gan

et al. 2009

Journal of Sensors

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Recommended by Michele PenzaThe paper reviews the recent researches implemented in Chinese Academy of Sciences, with achievements on integrated resonant microcantilever sensors. In the resonant cantilevers, the self-sensing elements and resonance exciting elements are both topdown integrated with silicon micromachining techniques. Quite a lot of effort is focused on optimization of the resonance mode and sensing structure for improvement of sensitivity. On the other hand, to enable the micro-cantilevers specifically sensitive to bio/chemical molecules, sensing materials are developed and modified on the cantilever surface with a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) based bottom-up construction and surface functionalization. To improve the selectivity of the sensors and depress environmental noise, multiple and localized surface modifications are developed. The achieved volume production capability and satisfactory detecting resolution to trace-level biological antigen of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) give the micro-cantilever sensors a great promise for rapid and high-resoluble detection.

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Thermal and ambient-induced deflections of scanning force microscope cantilevers

Cited by 406 publications

References 15 publications

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications

Microcantilever arrays functionalised with spiropyran photoactive moieties as systems to measure photo-induced surface stress changes

Integrated MEMS/NEMS Resonant Cantilevers for Ultrasensitive Biological Detection

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