Thermal analysis and prediction of phase equilibria in the TiO2–Bi2O3 system

Production of Nanometric Bi4Ti3O 12 Powders: from Synthesis to Optical and Dielectric Properties

“…This event is attributed to crystalline conversion from tetragonal to orthorhombic structure, which was previously reported by Martinez et al 4 and Thongtem et al 9 . However, this result is only observed for the samples heat-treated at 600ºC.…”

“…Among them, bismuth titanates have demonstrated promising optoelectronic properties 3 , such as ferroelectricity, photoconductivity and piezoelectricity 1,[4][5][6] . These characteristics make them an alternative to lead-containing materials, being useful for several devices including optical displays, capacitors, catalysts, sensors and transducers, among other applications [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] .…”

“…This phase presents a significant thermal stability, which melts around 1200ºC 4,23 . Different synthesis routes have been proposed for production of bismuth titanates and related materials.…”

“…Despite the remarkable importance of controlling the particle sizes and crystallinity of nanometric Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 powders, a systematic study correlating these features with annealing temperature; optical and electrical properties has not been reported yet. In this context, this work aims at evaluating the parameters of synthesis and calcination temperatures for production of nanometric Bi 4 …”

Oxide ionic conductivity properties of binary δ-(Bi2O3)1 −x(Yb2O3)xsystem

“…For example, they are used in the construction of ceramic solid fuel cell electrodes and membranes, in the catalysis of some heterogeneous reactions, in the partial oxidation of hydrocarbons, and in the removal of the harmful effects of exhaust gases as catalytic converters. The other most important area of use is the production of electrochemical energy [1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]]. …”