There is a significantly inverse relationship between dietary riboflavin intake and prevalence of osteoporosis in women but not in men: Results from the TCLSIH cohort study

Abstract

BackgroundEpidemiological evidence for the relationship between riboflavin intake and bone health is inconsistent, and this relationship has not been examined in Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of riboflavin and prevalence of osteoporosis in a Chinese adult population.MethodsA total of 5,607 participants (mean age, 61.2 years; males, 34.4%) were included in this cross-sectional study. We calculated the riboflavin intake by using the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) in combination with Chinese food composition database. Bone mineral density (BMD) was detected by an ultrasound bone densitometer. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary riboflavin intake and prevalence of osteoporosis.ResultsIn this population, the dietary intake of riboflavin ranged from 0.13 to 1.99 mg/d, and the proportion of abnormal BMD was 36.6%. The prevalence of osteoporosis decreased gradually with increasing quartiles of riboflavin intake, before and after adjustment for a range of confounding factors. In the final model, the multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% CI) across the quartiles of riboflavin intake were 1.00 (reference), 0.84 (0.54, 1.31), 0.59 (0.34, 1.04), and 0.47 (0.22, 0.96), respectively (P for trend < 0.05). In sex-disaggregated analysis, similar results to the total population were observed in women, while no significant results were found in men.ConclusionThe dietary riboflavin intake was negatively associated with the prevalence of osteoporosis. However, the association was significant in women but not in men. Our findings indicated that women are more sensitive to riboflavin intake in maintaining a normal BMD.

A Pilot Study To Assess the Suitability of Riboflavin As a Surrogate Marker of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein in Healthy Participants

“…Zempleni et al reported that concentration of riboflavin in plasma was slightly lower during afternoon with less than 25% decrease in 9 healthy subjects (Zempleni et al, 1996). Finally, it is worth noting that there may be a gender difference in dietary riboflavin intake (Mataix et al, 2003, Wan et al, 2023. Further study is needed to evaluate the effect of a BCRP inhibitor on riboflavin levels in both male and female subjects.…”