There are no no-responders to low or high resistance training volumes among older women

Barbalho, Matheus; Gentil, Paulo; Izquierdo, Mikel; Fisher, James; Steele, James; Raiol, Rodolfo de Azevedo

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2017.09.003

Cited by 68 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example (and while we believe this to be highly improbable), though participants were randomized the relatively small sample size per group may have resulted in heterogeneous groupings regarding genetic predisposition to either maximal strength increases or muscular endurance increases for low-and high-rep groups respectively. Indeed, the wide heterogeneity in response variation to resistance training is well known 28 and, though it is difficult to differentiate true intervention response variation from other random variation 29 , it is well evidenced that some individuals can show considerable improvements in some outcomes but not others and vice versa 30,31 . Another factor, might be that the strength increase for the low rep group could be partially a result of improved motor schema in the practice of synchronous recruitment 3 , and the skill of the exercise itself particularly as the testing resembled the training (although we might expect lower skill increases in a leg press exercise, whether plate loaded or selectorized compared to a more complex movement such as a squat).…”

Section: Campos Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

The strength-endurance continuum revisited:a critical commentary of the recommendation ofdifferent loading ranges for different muscular adaptations

Fisher¹,

Steele²,

Androulakis-Korakakis³

et al. 2020

Journal of Trainology

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Objectives:The accepted wisdom within resistance training is that differing loads and corresponding repetition maximum (RM) ranges are optimal for inducing specific adaptations. For example, prominent organizations and their respective publications have typically prescribed heavy loads for maximal strength increases ( ≥ 85% 1RM/ ≤ 6RM), more moderate loads for hypertrophy (67-85% 1RM/6-12RM) and lighter loads for local muscular endurance (LME; ≤ 67% 1RM/ ≥ 12RM). Since we believe these recommendations originate from a misunderstanding and misinterpretation of DeLorme's strength-endurance continuum, the aim of this narrative review is to discuss the preponderance of research surrounding training load and strength and LME adaptations. Design & Methods: Narrative ReviewResults: The current body of literature fails to support recommendations for the use of specific loads for specific strength, hypertrophy or LME adaptations. Furthermore, that the strength-endurance continuum originally presented by DeLorme was never intended to compare the use of heavier-and lighter-load resistance training, but rather to consider the adaptations to strength training and aerobically based endurance exercise. Finally, a lack of clarity considering absolute-and relative-LME has confounded understanding of this adaptation. Conclusions:The body of research supports that absolute LME appears to adapt as a result of maximal strength increases.However, relative LME shows minimal response to strength training with either heavier-or lighter-loads. We present the limitations of the current body of research and promote specifically detailed recent research as well as the importance of generality of strength and LME in both sporting and real-world settings.(Journal of Trainology 2020;9:1-8)

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Section: Campos Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

The strength-endurance continuum revisited:a critical commentary of the recommendation ofdifferent loading ranges for different muscular adaptations

Fisher¹,

Steele²,

Androulakis-Korakakis³

et al. 2020

Journal of Trainology

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“…Page 2 of 11 Coswig et al J Transl Med (2020) 18:88 programs with low time commitment have been investigated [6,[10][11][12]. In this regard, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) might be particularly interesting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women

Coswig¹,

Barbalho²,

Raiol³

et al. 2020

J Transl Med

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Background: The present study compared the effects of training and detraining periods of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on functional performance, body composition, resting blood pressure and heart rate in elderly women nursing home residents. Methods: Forty-six volunteers (age, 80.8 ± 5.2 y; body mass, 69.8 ± 5.2 kg, height, 164.2 ± 4.12 cm) were divided into groups that performed treadmill exercise twice-weekly HIIT (4 bouts of 4-min intervals at 85-95% of the maximal heart rate [HR max ], interspersed by 4 min at 65% HR max), MIIT (4 bouts of 4 min intervals at 55-75% HR max , interspersed by 4 min at 45-50% HR max) and MICT (30-min at 55-75% HR max). Tests were performed before and after 8 weeks of training and 2 and 4 weeks of detraining. ANCOVA was used to analyze dependent variable changes. Results: After 8 weeks HIIT promoted greater reductions in body mass (HIIT = − 1.6 ± 0.1 kg; MICT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; MIIT = − 0.9 ± 0.1 kg; p = 0.001), fat mass (HIIT = − 2.2 ± 0.1%; MICT = − 0.7 ± 0.1%; MIIT = − 1.2 ± 0.1%; p < 0.001) and resting heart rate (HIIT = − 7.3 ± 0.3%; MICT = − 3.6 ± 0.3%; MIIT = − 5.1 ± 0.3%; p < 0.001) and greater improvement in the chair stand test (HIIT = 3.4 ± 0.1 reps; MICT = 2.5 ± 0.1 reps; MIIT = 3.1 ± 0.1 reps; p < 0.001) when compared to MIIT and MICT. These improvements were sustained after 2 and 4 weeks of detraining only in the HIIT group. Conclusion: HIIT promoted greater benefits for body composition and functional performance than MICT and MIIT and also showed less pronounced effects of detraining. This suggests that the intensity of physical exercise is an important factor to consider when prescribing exercise to the elderly.

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“…Despite meeting these recommendations, however, the functional balance effect showed a large degree of individual variance. Such pronounced variance from group means has also been found in other exercise studies conducted with older people without dementia (50)(51)(52). Individuals can respond differently to the same type of exercise and the identification of factors that influence individual exercise responses among older people can have great clinical significance (50).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Is the Effect of a High-Intensity Functional Exercise Program on Functional Balance Influenced by Applicability and Motivation among Older People with Dementia in Nursing Homes?

Sondell

Littbrand

Holmberg

et al. 2019

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Background and Objectives: Exercise can be an important way of maintaining balance function in people with dementia, but further investigation is needed to determine the optimal way of exercising. The objective was to evaluate whether exercise applicability (i.e., attendance, exercise intensity, and adverse events) and motivation were associated with the effect on functional balance of a high-intensity functional exercise program for older people with dementia in nursing homes. Design, Setting and Participants: Exercise intervention participants (n = 81; 60 women, 21 men) from a randomized controlled trial (UMDEX) were included. Their mean age was 84 and mean Mini-Mental State Examination score was 15. Intervention: Groups of 3-8 participants participated in the High-Intensity Functional Exercise (HIFE) Program, with 5 sessions per 2-week period, for 4 months (total, 40 sessions). Measurements: Outcome was the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), assessed at baseline and follow up, and the score difference, dichotomized to classify participants into two groups: responders (≥5-point increase) and non-responders (<5-point increase). Target variables were measures of applicability and motivation. Associations between each target variable and the outcome were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Baseline characteristics and new medical conditions developing during the intervention period were compared between responders and non-responders and included in the analyses when p < 0.10. Results: The BBS score was 28.6 ± 14.3 at baseline and 31.2 ± 15.3 at follow up, with the difference between follow-up and baseline scores ranging from -35 to 24. Twenty-nine (35.8%) participants were responders. The multivariable models showed no significant association between responders vs. non-responders and any target variable. Conclusion: Participation in a 4-month high-intensity functional exercise program can improve balance in many individuals with dementia in nursing homes, despite the progressiveness of dementia disorders and several co-existing medical conditions. Predicting balance exercise response based on applicability and motivation seem not to be possible, which lends no support for excluding this group from functional exercise, even when exercise intensity or motivation is not high.

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There are no no-responders to low or high resistance training volumes among older women

Cited by 68 publications

References 41 publications

The strength-endurance continuum revisited:a critical commentary of the recommendation ofdifferent loading ranges for different muscular adaptations

The strength-endurance continuum revisited:a critical commentary of the recommendation ofdifferent loading ranges for different muscular adaptations

Effects of high vs moderate-intensity intermittent training on functionality, resting heart rate and blood pressure of elderly women

Is the Effect of a High-Intensity Functional Exercise Program on Functional Balance Influenced by Applicability and Motivation among Older People with Dementia in Nursing Homes?

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