Therapy for cartilage defects: functional ectopic cartilage constructed by cartilage-simulating collagen, chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid (CCH) hybrid hydrogel with allogeneic chondrocytes

Abstract

The three-phase CCH hydrogel, which is closer to natural cartilage matrix and is stiffer than collagen, may replace collagen as the "gold standard" for cartilage tissue engineering. This study may provide a new insight for cartilage repair using ectopic cartilage reconstructed from functional materials and allogeneic cells.

In vivo bioreactor using cellulose membrane benefit engineering cartilage by improving the chondrogenesis and modulating the immune response

“…According to previous reports, ectopic cartilage reconstruction has not been successful in immunocompetent animals, which is mainly manifested as host immune response to allogenic or xenogeneic implant and cells [18]. To prevent an immunological rejection, the scaffold and cells are encapsulated with the diffusion chamber before being implanted into the cartilage defect [37]. This may be because the IV bioreactor act as a mechanical barrier between the cell and the host, thereby hiding the surface antigen [19][20][21].…”

Advancements and Frontiers in the High Performance of Natural Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

“…The mechanical strength of the scaffold was improved, and it could significantly promote the cell adhesion/growth, improve the cell proliferation, and enhance the specific gene expression of cartilage . After encapsulation with allogeneic chondrocytes, three-phase synthetic collagens, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid hydrogels (CCH) were transplanted into cartilage defects, demonstrating that hybrid collagen hydrogels exhibited higher cartilage specific markers of cell growth, proliferation, GAG secretion, and gene/protein expression, which was closer to natural cartilage matrix than collagen hydrogel (Figure 6; Jiang et al, 2018).…”

“…Allogeneic chondrocytes are encapsulated with a CCH hybrid hydrogel, forming the ectopic cartilage with a diffusion chamber system for cartilage repair. Reproduced fromJiang et al (2018) with permission from Copyright 2018 Royal Society of Chemistry.…”

Progress in Articular Cartilage Tissue Engineering: A Review on Therapeutic Cells and Macromolecular Scaffolds

“…Moreover, allogeneic chondrocytes are encapsulated into collagen/chondroitin sulfate/hyaluronic acid gels; after subcutaneous implantation in the host for 4 weeks, the tissue engineered cartilage is used for repairing cartilage defect. The resultant neo‐cartilage in vivo shows the typical characteristics of hyaline cartilage . These studies indicate that both autologous and allogeneic chondrocyte may be used as therapeutic cell to construct engineered cartilage, respectively.…”

“…Periosteum is a fibrous membrane that covers bone surfaces. Periosteum derived progenitor cells (PDPCs) play a key role in the development of cartilage tissue . Many reports have demonstrated that PDPCs have the capability to enhance the formation of cartilage and bone tissue .…”