Strahlentherapie und Onkologie
Supplement Article IntroductionThe radiosensibility of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is well established since 1902, when Pusey [1] was one of the first to publish about radiotherapeutical treatment of a HL.In the early years, radiotherapy was the only curative treatment for this systemic disease, but the reports of Kaplan and Rosenberg [2] and Peters [3] in the fifties and seventies showed that irradiation of involved lymph node regions only resulted in high local and distant recurrences.The introduction of linear accelerator based high dose extended field (EF)-radiotherapy by Kaplan in Stanford was a milestone in the evolution of definitive curative radiotherapy strategies. The application of the mantle field for supradiaphragmatic and the inverted Y (with or without including the spleen or splenic pedicle) for infradiaphragmatic disease resulted in a dramatic improvement of survival rates in the early stages I and II (Ann Arbor) from 25-30 % in the sixties to 65-80 % in the eighties [4]. Kaplan reported about a close relationship between radiation dose and cure rates in the case of definitive radiotherapy. A dose of at least 40 Gy resulted in local recurrences below 5% and is today the standard dose for radiotherapy only outside protocols. Despite complete remission rates after radiotherapy of 90-100%, the overall recurrence rate (including in-field, marginal and distant relapses) was between 20 and 30%. Analysis of the relapses revealed some stage migrating risk factors: large mediastinal mass, extra nodal involvement, number of involved lymph node areas (> 3) and high ESR.The possibility of more accurate staging by using new imaging techniques like ultrasonography, CT and MRI as well as PET in the recent years resulted e.g. in the definition of early-favourable, early-unfavourable (intermediate) and high risk stages and more specific, risk adapted treatment strategies.The objective of this article is to show recent achievements and developments in the management of early-stage favourable HL exemplified by the strategy of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG), where radiotherapy still is an integral part within combined modality treatment.