Therapeutic potential of treatment with the flavonoid rutin after cortical focal ischemia in rats

Abstract

Flavonoids have known anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions, and they have been described as neuroprotective and able to reduce damage in CNS diseases. We evaluated the action of the flavonoid rutin in an animal model of focal cortical ischemia induced by unilateral thermocoagulation of superficial blood vessels of motor (M1) and somatosensory (S1) primary cortices. Ischemic rats were submitted to daily injections (i.p.) for five days, starting immediately after induction of ischemia. We tested two doses: 50mg/kg or 100mg/kg of body weight. Sensorimotor tests were used to evaluate functional recovery. Bioavailability in plasma was done by chromatographic analysis. The effect of treatment in lesion volume and neurodegeneration was evaluated 48 h and 72 h after ischemia, respectively. We observed significant sensorimotor recovery induced by rutin, and the dose of 50mg/kg had more pronounced effect. Thus, this dose was used in further analyses. Plasma availability of rutin was detected from 2h to at least 8h after ischemia. The treatment did not result in reduction of lesion volume but reduced the number of degenerated neurons at the periphery of the lesion. The results suggest rutin as an efficient drug to treat brain ischemia since it was able to promote significant recovery of sensorimotor loss, which was correlated to the reduction of neurodegeneration in the periphery of cortical injury. Increasing studies with rutin and other flavonoids might give support for further clinical trials with these drugs.

Administration of Purwoceng (<I>Pimpinella alpina</I> Molk) Improves Oxidative Stress Biomarker Following UVC Irradiation in Spargue-Dawley Male Rats

“…This bridge consists of three carbons that combine with oxygen and two carbons of one of aromatic rings (A rings) to form a third 6 member rings (C ring). Until to date there are atleast 200 different types of flavonoids have been identified and their main effects were antioxidant, anti-inflammation, and cyto-protective 34 . The biological actions of flavonoids as an antioxidant have been proven by RiceEvan and coworkers in 1996 35 , through their ability to scavenge reactive species or through their influences on the intracellular redox status 36 38 .…”

Retracted: Rutin protects against cognitive deficits and brain damage in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

“…In vitro, rutin decreased Aβ42‐induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and pro‐inflammatory cytokines in SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells (Wang et al ., ), and protected pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells against 6‐hydroxydopamine‐induced neurotoxicity by improving antioxidant activities (Magalingam et al ., ). Moreover, in vivo , rutin protected rats against brain injury by several insults, such as trimethyltin (Koda et al ., ), streptozotocin (Kamalakkannan and Stanely Mainzen Prince, ), 6‐hydroxydopamine (Khan et al ., ) and focal ischaemia (Khan et al ., ; Annapurna et al ., ; Rodrigues et al ., ), via its antioxidative and anti‐inflammatory properties. Importantly, rutin treatment attenuated cognitive deficits in rats with repeated cerebral ischaemia (Pu et al ., ), trimethyltin treatment (Koda et al ., ), kindled with pentylenetetrazole (Nassiri‐Asl et al ., ), given i.c.v infusions of streptozotocin (Javed et al ., ) or aged rats (Pyrzanowska et al ., ).…”

Influence of Rhizoglomus irregulare on nutraceutical quality and regeneration of Lycium barbarum leaves under salt stress

“…L. barbarum leaves even have higher flavonoid level than fruits (Liu et al 2012). Besides, the most abundant flavonoid in the leaves of L. barbarum is rutin (Dong et al 2009) which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative actions, and has been described as neuroprotective and able to reduce damage in central nervous system diseases (Rodrigues et al 2013). …”