Therapeutic Potential of Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Infusion into Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Depends on Basal Lipid Levels and Islet Function

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great potential in treating patients with diabetes, but the therapeutic effects are not always achieved. Particularly, the clinical factors regulating MSC therapy in this setting are largely unknown. In this study, 24 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with insulin were selected to receive three intravenous infusions of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) over the course of 6 weeks and were followed up for 12 months. We observed a significant reduction of glycosylated serum albumin level (P < .05) and glycosylated hemoglobin level (P < .05) after SHED transplantation. The total effective rate was 86.36% and 68.18%, respectively, at the end of treatment and follow-up periods.Three patients ceased insulin injections after SHED transplantation. A steamed bread meal test showed that the serum levels of postprandial C-peptide at 2 hours were significantly higher than those at the baseline (P < .05). Further analysis showed that patients with a high level of blood cholesterol and a low baseline level of C-peptide had poor response to SHED transplantation. Some patients experienced a transient fever (11.11%), fatigue (4.17%), or rash (1.39%) after SHED transplantation, which were easily resolved. In summary, SHED infusion is a safe and effective therapy to improve glucose metabolism and islet function in patients with T2DM. Blood lipid levels and baseline islet function may serve as key factors contributing to the therapeutic outcome of MSC transplantation in patients with T2DM.

Hydrogel supplemented with human platelet lysate enhances multi-lineage differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

“…Pulp samples can be easily obtained in dental medical waste, and there are no ethical issues. SHED is believed to have stronger proliferation and osteogenesis compared to bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and is used in regenerative medicine transplantation strategies including diabetes, wound repair, neural injuries, liver fibrosis, and Cohrn's disease, bone tissue engineering [ 29 – 31 ].…”

Extracellular vesicles rejuvenate the microenvironmental modulating function of recipient tissue-specific mesenchymal stem cells in osteopenia treatment

“…SHED demonstrate less tumorigenicity, low immunogenicity, and relative cryopreserved stability ( 76 ). Indeed, current studies report the clinical benefits of SHED therapy in human diseases, including traumatic dental pulp tissue and type 2 diabetes ( 82 , 83 ). Thus, SHED therapy are gradually achieving a promising option for treating human diseases ( 84 ).…”

Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Attenuate Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice through Modulating Immune Balance and Skin Barrier Function

“…The cells were collected from the pulp tissues of naturally exfoliated deciduous teeth of children aged 6-8 years, with informed consent. SHEDs were characterised according to the previous studies on morphology, surface markers, and differentiation capacity [15]. The administration of SHEDs referred to the previous studies with minor modifications [16][17][18].…”