Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Attenuate Atopic Dermatitis Symptoms in Mice through Modulating Immune Balance and Skin Barrier Function

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin inflammatory disease associated with immune abnormalities and disrupted skin barrier function. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as an alternative therapeutic option in AD. Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) are a unique postnatal stem cell population with high immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of SHEDs on AD in the BALB/c mouse model induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). SHEDs were administrated intravenously or subcutaneously, and clinical severity, histopathological findings, skin barrier function, and organ indexes were evaluated. Skin tissue cytokine mRNA levels and serum cytokine protein levels were further analysed. SHED administration significantly alleviated AD clinical severity, including dermatitis scores, ear thickness, scratching behaviour, and infiltration of mast cells. In addition, disrupted skin barrier function and enlarged spleens were restored by SHED administration. Further, SHED treatment reduced the levels of IgE, IgG1, and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in the serum and the modulated expression of Th1-, Th2-, and Th17-associated cytokines in skin lesions. In conclusion, SHEDs attenuated AD-like skin lesions in mice by modulating the immune balance and skin barrier function. SHEDs could be a potential new treatment agent for AD.

Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives in common skin inflammatory diseases: Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis

“…Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant enzyme, plays an essential role in inflammatory diseases, which can convert the superoxide to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen and exert an antiinflammatory role (70). SOD3, an extracellular isoform of SOD, can be transduced into MSCs, which can increase the therapeutic potency of MSCs in antioxidant response and immunomodulation (53). In AD, Sah et al found that subcutaneous administration of SOD3-transduced UCB-MSCs (SOD-MSCs) in mice (2 × 10 6 cells) can improve the therapeutic effects of MSCs in two pathways.…”

Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Literature Review

“…DPSCs interact with various components of the innate immune system, adaptive immune system, and complement system [2,[52][53][54]. Specifically, SHED has been found to inhibit the proliferation of Th17 cells in vitro [52] and reverse immune disorders in conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus by increasing the proportion of regulatory T cells in the body by acting on Th17 cells [55]. Similarly, DPSCs have been shown to induce apoptosis of activated T cells and the related tissue injury [56,57], as well as inhibit B-cell proliferation in mixed lymphocyte reactions.…”