Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in spinal cord injury

Zhang, Peng; Hölscher, Christian; Ma, Xun

doi:10.1515/revneuro-2016-0053

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…The list of drugs and natural compounds with immunomodulatory properties in SCI has grown in recent years and is too extensive to discuss here thoroughly. Some pharmaceutical agents with desirable clinical safety profiles and demonstrated immunomodulatory properties in SCI include the antibiotics minocycline and azithromycin [45,150,178] and natural compounds such as docosahexaenoic/ omega-3 fatty acids and flavonoids [179,180]. These immunomodulatory agents facilitate functional recovery and reduce indices of secondary injury.…”

Section: Neuroprotective Spinal Cord Injury Therapies Targeting Inflamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Cord Injury Scarring and Inflammation: Therapies Targeting Glial and Inflammatory Responses

2018

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Deficits in neuronal function are a hallmark of spinal cord injury (SCI) and therapeutic efforts are often focused on central nervous system (CNS) axon regeneration. However, secondary injury responses by astrocytes, microglia, pericytes, endothelial cells, Schwann cells, fibroblasts, meningeal cells, and other glia not only potentiate SCI damage but also facilitate endogenous repair. Due to their profound impact on the progression of SCI, glial cells and modification of the glial scar are focuses of SCI therapeutic research. Within and around the glial scar, cells deposit extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that affect axon growth such as chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs), laminin, collagen, and fibronectin. This dense deposition of material, i.e., the fibrotic scar, is another barrier to endogenous repair and is a target of SCI therapies. Infiltrating neutrophils and monocytes are recruited to the injury site through glial chemokine and cytokine release and subsequent upregulation of chemotactic cellular adhesion molecules and selectins on endothelial cells. These peripheral immune cells, along with endogenous microglia, drive a robust inflammatory response to injury with heterogeneous reparative and pathological properties and are targeted for therapeutic modification. Here, we review the role of glial and inflammatory cells after SCI and the therapeutic strategies that aim to replace, dampen, or alter their activity to modulate SCI scarring and inflammation and improve injury outcomes.

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Section: Neuroprotective Spinal Cord Injury Therapies Targeting Inflamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spinal Cord Injury Scarring and Inflammation: Therapies Targeting Glial and Inflammatory Responses

2018

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“…TFHL has a rich variety and high content of flavonoids. In our study, various flavonoids in TFHL were analyzed by flavonoids have therapeutic potential for SCI, comprising antiinflammatory properties, anti-oxidant properties, anti-apoptotic properties, neuroprotective properties, and so on (Zhang et al, 2017). Currently, the research on flavonoids treated SCI has made certain progress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves protect spinal motor neurons via promotion of autophagy after spinal cord injury

et al. 2022

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The death of spinal motor neurons (SMNs) after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a crucial cause, contributing to a permanent neurological deficit. Total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves (TFHL) have been confirmed to have potentially therapeutic for SCI. Nonetheless, the roles and mechanisms of TFHL in recovering neuromotor function and regenerating axons of SMNs have not been fully elucidated. In this study, TFHL was applied to treat rats with SCI and injured SMNs for 7 days. In vivo experiment, rats with SCI were evaluated by a BBB (Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan) score to assess their motor functional recovery. The morphology, microstructure, apoptosis, Nissl bodies, and autophagy of SMNs in spinal cord tissue were detected by Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL staining, Nissl staining, and immunohistochemistry respectively. In vitro experiment, the co-culture model of SMNs and astrocytes was constructed to simulate the internal environment around SMNs in the spinal cord tissue. The cell morphology, microstructure, axonal regeneration, and autophagy were observed via optical microscope, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence. The content of neurotrophic factors in the cell culture medium of the co-culture model was detected by ELISA. Moreover, the expression of axon-related and autophagy-related proteins in the spinal cord tissue and SMNs was measured by Western Blot. We demonstrated that TFHL improved the neuromotor function recovery in rats after SCI. We then found that TFHL significantly promoted injured spinal cord tissue repair, reduced apoptosis, and improved the functional status of neurons in spinal cord tissue in vivo. Meanwhile, the cell morphology, microstructure, and axonal regeneration of damaged SMNs also obviously were improved, and the secretion of neurotrophic factors was facilitated after treatment with TFHL in vitro. Further, we revealed that TFHL promoted autophagy and related protein expression in vivo and vitro. Taken together, our study suggested that TFHL might facilitate autophagy and have neuroprotective properties in SMNs to enhance the recovery of neuromotor function of rats with SCI.

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“…Omurilik yaralanmalarında birincil yaralanmayı önlemenin imkânsız olmasından dolayı araştırmacıların geliştirmeye çalıştığı tedavi stratejileri ikincil yaralanmaları önlemeyi amaçlamaktadır [16]. Erken evrede, klinikte omurilik yaralanmasının geleneksel tedavisi, yüksek dozlarda metilprednizolon (MP) ile kombine cerrahi tedavidir [17]. MP'nun omurilik kan akışını arttırmak ve inflamatuar yanıtı sınırlamak gibi birçok avantajı olmasına rağmen, potansiyel zararları da mevcuttur.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…SKY' sı sonrası flavanoidlerin nöroprotektif özellikleri, miyelin akson kaybını, glial skar oluşumunu ve astrosit proliferasyonunu azaltarak gösterdiği belirtilmiştir. Ayrıca, flavonoidler spinal kordda beyin kaynaklı nörotrofik faktör ve glial hücre dizisinden türetilmiş nörotrofik faktör gibi nörotrofik faktörler artırabilir ve büyüme sinyal yolunun deaktivasyonunu azaltabilir [17]. SKY sonrası lipid peroksidasyon ölçümü yapılan bir çalışmada MDA düzeylerine erken dönemde (travmadan 1dk., 15 dk., 1-2 ve 4 saat sonra) bakılmış ve MDA düzeyinin 15 dk.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Ratlarda deneysel spinal kord yaralanmasında Hesperidin’in nöroprotektif etkisi

Aydın¹,

Keskin²

2022

Pamukkale Medical Journal

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Bu çalışmada, ratlarda deneysel omurilik yaralanmasında farklı dozlarda hesperidinin (HSP) oksidatif hasara karşı koruyucu etkisini histopatolojik ve biyokimyasal değerlendirmeler kullanarak araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışma 4 grup ve her grupta 10 adet Wistar albino cinsi rat olacak şekilde planlandı. Grup 1 (kontrol grubu): laminektomi yapıldı. Laminektomi sonrası üç gruba (G2, G3, G4) travma uygulandı. Grup 2 (patoloji grubu): laminektomi yapıldı ve ekstradural klip uygulandı. Grup 3 (düşük doz HSP): laminektomi yapılıp, ekstradural klip uygulandı ve tek doz düşük doz HSP intraperitoneal olarak verildi (50 mg/kg). Grup 4 (yüksek doz HSP): laminektomi yapılıp, ekstradural klip uygulandı ve tek doz yüksek doz HSP intraperitoneal olarak verildi (100 mg/kg). Nöroprotektif etkiyi değerlendirmek için alınan doku örnekleri biyokimyasal ve histopatolojik olarak incelendi. Bulgular: Travma gruplarındaki inflamatuar bulgular ve nöron sayısının morfometrik sonuçları, Grup 4'te diğer gruplara kıyasla istatiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde daha iyiydi. Klinik motor muayene ve eğik düzlem test sonuçları açısından gruplar arasında fark yoktu. Her iki tedavi grubunda (Grup3, Grup4), lipid peroksidasyonunun son ürünü olan malondialdehit anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlenmezken (p>0,05); total antioksidan plazma seviyelerinde kontrol ve patoloji gruplarına kıyasla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık gözlemlendi (p:0,001). Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız, yüksek doz HSP' nin spinal kord hasarında nöronların sayısındaki azalmaya olumlu etkisi ve hafif dejenerasyon bulguları ile neuroprotektif etki sağlayabileceğini düşündürmektedir.

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Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in spinal cord injury

Cited by 17 publications

References 125 publications

Spinal Cord Injury Scarring and Inflammation: Therapies Targeting Glial and Inflammatory Responses

Spinal Cord Injury Scarring and Inflammation: Therapies Targeting Glial and Inflammatory Responses

Total flavonoids of hawthorn leaves protect spinal motor neurons via promotion of autophagy after spinal cord injury

Ratlarda deneysel spinal kord yaralanmasında Hesperidin’in nöroprotektif etkisi

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