Therapeutic potential of an intestinotrophic hormone, glucagon-like peptide 2, for treatment of type 2 short bowel syndrome rats with intestinal bacterial and fungal dysbiosis

Hu, Xiuting; Cheng, Wei; Fan, Shiqing; Huang, Yuhua; Chen, Xi; Jiang, Zhiwei; Wang, Jian

doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06270-w

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Two genera were positively correlated to Wickerhamomyces, i.e., Meyerozyma and Rhinocladiella. Meyerozyma was dramatically increased in type 2 short bowel syndrome rats (64). Remarkably, Meyerozyma caribbica, which was recognized as a gut fungi associated with diarrhea, has been confirmed to cause onychomycosis (65).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gut Microbial Alterations in Diarrheal Baer's Pochards (Aythya baeri)

Qin

Song

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The structure and composition of gut microbiota correlate with the occurrence and development of host health and disease. Diarrhea can cause alterations in gut microbiota in animals, and the changes in the gut microbial structure and composition may affect the development of diarrhea. However, there is a scarcity of information on the effects of diarrhea on gut fungal composition and structure, particularly in Baer's pochard (Aythya baeri). The current study was performed for high-throughput sequencing of the fungal-specific internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) to detect the differences of gut mycobiota in healthy and diarrheal Baer's pochard. Results showed that the gut mycobiota not only decreased significantly in diversity but also in structure and composition. Statistical analysis between two groups revealed a significant decrease in the abundance of phylum Rozellomycota, Zoopagomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Kickxellomycota in diarrheal Baer's pochard. At the genus levels, fungal relative abundance changed significantly in 95 genera, with 56 fungal genera, such as Wickerhamomyces, Alternaria, Penicillium, Cystofilobasidium, and Filobasidium, increasing significantly in the gut of the diarrheal Baer's pochard. In conclusion, the current study revealed the discrepancy in the gut fungal diversity and community composition between the healthy and diarrheal Baer's pochard, laying the basis for elucidating the relationship between diarrhea and the gut mycobiota in Baer's pochard.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gut Microbial Alterations in Diarrheal Baer's Pochards (Aythya baeri)

Qin

Song

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Such alterations in transit, along with the increase in oxygen level, gastric and bile acids concentrations in the remnant bowel, strongly influence the intestinal ecology, and result in a significant decrease in OTU counts and α-diversity and, overall, a diverse microbial community structure between healthy and SBS conditions and among different SBS types (Huang et al 2017 , 2020 , Zeichner et al 2019 , Hu et al 2021 ) (Summarized in Table 6 ). Interestingly, a greater proportional abundance of fecal Enterobacteriaceae and lactobacilli were correlated with a longer and shorter parenteral nutrition duration, respectively (Huang et al 2017 ), suggesting that the intestinal ecology upon extensive small bowel resection may contribute to the evolution of SBS and the achievement of nutritional autonomy.…”

Section: Disruption Of Small Intestinal Homeostasis In Nutrient Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…teduglutide) (Vorre et al 2022 ), to maximize absorption and effectively reduce parenteral nutrition requirements (Schwartz et al 2016 , Lam et al 2018 , Joly et al 2020 ), although not universally effective (Billiauws and Joly 2019 ). In particular, besides the intestinotrophic effect on the intestinal epithelium, GLP-2 treatment is described to partially ameliorate also the intestinal bacterial dysbiosis of SBS rats by significantly downregulating the relative abundance of Proteus genus and increasing the relative abundance of Clostridium genus in SBS rats (Hu et al 2021 ).…”

Section: Disruption Of Small Intestinal Homeostasis In Nutrient Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

The small intestine: dining table of host–microbiota meetings

Delbaere

Roegiers

Bron

et al. 2023

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

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Growing evidence suggests the importance of the small intestinal bacteria in the diet-host-microbiota dialogue in various facets of health and disease. Yet, this body site is still poorly explored and its ecology and mechanisms of interaction with the host are just starting to be unraveled. In this review, we describe the current knowledge on the small intestinal ecology, its composition and diversity, and how the intestinal bacteria in homeostatic conditions participate in nutrient digestion and absorption. We illustrate the importance of a controlled bacterial density and of the preservation of absorptive surface for the host's nutritional status. In particular, we discuss these aspects of the small intestinal environment in the framework of two disease conditions, namely small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and short bowel syndrome (SBS). We also detail in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro models developed to simulate the small intestinal environment, some applied for (diet-)host-bacteria interaction studies. Lastly, we highlight recent technological, medical and scientific advances applicable to investigate this complex and yet understudied body environment to broaden our knowledge in support of further progress in the medical practice, and to proceed towards the integration of the (small)intestinal bacteria in personalized therapeutic approaches.

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“… 37 GLP-2 has been demonstrated to enhance intestinal epithelial proliferation and is clinically used for the treatment of short bowel syndrome. 38 Significant studies in recent years disclosed that the protective effect of GLP-2 was not only restrained to intestine but also existed in liver and brain injury. 39 , 40 The cardiovascular systemic response to GLP-2 has been reported in both animal and human studies, 41 while the underlying mechanism is undetermined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart–gut microbiota communication determines the severity of cardiac injury after myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion

Zhao

Zhang

Cheng

et al. 2023

Cardiovascular Research

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Background Recent studies have suggested a key role of intestinal microbiota in pathological progress of multiple organs via immune modulation. However, the interactions between heart and gut microbiota remain to be fully elucidated. The aim of the study is to investigate the role of gut microbiota in post ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) inflammatory microenvironment. Methods and Results Here, we conducted a case-control study to explore the association of gut bacteria translocation products with inflammation biomarkers and I/R injury severity in STEMI patients. Then, we used a mouse model to determine the effects of myocardial I/R injury on gut microbiota dysbiosis and translocation. Blooming of Proteobacteria was identified as hallmark of post-I/R dysbiosis, which was associated with gut bacteria translocation. Abrogation of gut bacteria translocation by antibiotic cocktail alleviated myocardial I/R injury via mitigating excessive inflammation and attenuating myeloid cells mobilization, indicating the bidirectional heart–gut–microbiome–immune axis in myocardial I/R injury. Glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2), an endocrine peptide produced by intestinal L-cells, was used in experimental myocardial I/R model. GLP-2 administration restored gut microbiota disorder and prevented bacteria translocation, eventually attenuated myocardial I/R injury through alleviating systemic inflammation. Conclusion Our work identifies a bidirectional communication along the heart–gut–microbiome–immune axis in myocardial I/R injury and demonstrates gut bacteria translocation as a key regulator in amplifying inflammatory injury. Furthermore, our study sheds new light on the application of GLP-2 as a promising therapy targeting gut bacteria translocation in myocardial I/R injury. Translational Perspective This study demonstrates a unique bidirectional communication along the heart–gut–microbiome–immune axis in myocardial I/R injury. Myocardial I/R injury induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption thus leading to bacterial translocation and these changes in turn aggravated I/R injury by augmenting inflammation. Furthermore, our study sheds new light on the application of GLP-2 as a promising therapy targeting gut bacteria translocation in myocardial I/R injury. These findings highlight the gut microbiota targeting therapy as a potential therapeutics strategy to attenuate myocardial I/R injury and are of great translational value.

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Therapeutic potential of an intestinotrophic hormone, glucagon-like peptide 2, for treatment of type 2 short bowel syndrome rats with intestinal bacterial and fungal dysbiosis

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Gut Microbial Alterations in Diarrheal Baer's Pochards (Aythya baeri)

Gut Microbial Alterations in Diarrheal Baer's Pochards (Aythya baeri)

The small intestine: dining table of host–microbiota meetings

Heart–gut microbiota communication determines the severity of cardiac injury after myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion

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