Therapeutic miRNA-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles: Current Approaches and Future Prospects

Munir, Javaria; Yoon, Jong‐Hwan; Ryu, Seongho

doi:10.3390/cells9102271

Cited by 81 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Proteomic studies have so far identified more than 4000 different types of proteins in EVs [20]. In addition, hundreds of different messenger RNAs and micro RNAs have been identified in BM-MSCEVs [21]. Mechanisms of action of these proteins and RNAs in treating neurodegenerative diseases include the following.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles - A case report

Crose¹

2021

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a terminal neurodegenerative disease with only a few minimally effective treatment options. This study treats a patient with Spinal ALS with Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles (BM-MSCEVs) to slow or stop the progress of the disease. After 2 months and 4 treatments, the patient demonstrated improvement in ALS functional scores and most physical exam findings. BM-MSCEVs demonstrate the ability to effectively treat Spinal ALS in this study and open the door for future studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles - A case report

Crose¹

2021

Int. J. Sci. Res. Arch.

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“…Enrichment of exosomes with miRNA is commonly achieved by transfecting adipose tissue-derived stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells with the miRNA of choice. The potential of the EVs as carriers of exogenous therapeutic miRNA has been discussed in detail in earlier reports [ 137 ]. MiRNA-enriched exosomes have been used in a wide variety of diseases, including brain disorders [ 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 ], cardiac diseases [ 142 , 143 , 144 ], muscular disorders [ 126 , 145 ], cancer [ 146 , 147 ] etc.…”

Section: Non-viral-based Mirna and Anti-mirna Oligonucleotide Delimentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in miRNA Delivery Systems

Dasgupta

Chatterjee

2021

MPs

166

123

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a family of short non-coding regulatory RNA molecules that are produced in a tissue and time-specific manner to orchestrate gene expression post-transcription. MiRNAs hybridize to target mRNA(s) to induce translation repression or mRNA degradation. Functional studies have demonstrated that miRNAs are engaged in virtually every physiological process and, consequently, miRNA dysregulations have been linked to multiple human pathologies. Thus, miRNA mimics and anti-miRNAs that restore miRNA expression or downregulate aberrantly expressed miRNAs, respectively, are highly sought-after therapeutic strategies for effective manipulation of miRNA levels. In this regard, carrier vehicles that facilitate proficient and safe delivery of miRNA-based therapeutics are fundamental to the clinical success of these pharmaceuticals. Here, we highlight the strengths and weaknesses of current state-of-the-art viral and non-viral miRNA delivery systems and provide perspective on how these tools can be exploited to improve the outcomes of miRNA-based therapeutics.

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“…Alternatively, it is established that increasing the concentration of iRNAs in the cytosol of the cell is concomitant with their heightened copy number in exosomes [ 152 ]. In this regard, MSCs can be manipulated to express shRNA or miRNA of interest via transfection or transduction.…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

MSC-derived exosomes carrying a cocktail of exogenous interfering RNAs an unprecedented therapy in era of COVID-19 outbreak

et al. 2021

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Background The onset of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has resulted in ever-increasing casualties worldwide, and after 15 months, standard therapeutic regimens are yet to be discovered. Main body Due to the regenerative and immunomodulatory function of MSCs, they can serve as a suitable therapeutic option in alleviating major COVID-19 complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, the superior properties of their cognate exosomes as a cell-free product make them preferable in the clinic. Herein, we discuss the current clinical status of these novel therapeutic strategies in COVID-19 treatment. We then delve into the potential of interfering RNAs incorporation as COVID-19 gene therapy and introduce targets involved in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. Further, we present miRNAs and siRNAs candidates with promising results in targeting the mentioned targets. Conclusion Finally, we present a therapeutic platform of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes equipped with exogenous iRNAs, that can be employed as a novel therapeutic modality in COVID-19 management aiming to prevent further viral spread within the lung, hinder the virus life cycle and pathogenesis such as immune suppression, and ultimately, enhance the antiviral immune response.

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Therapeutic miRNA-Enriched Extracellular Vesicles: Current Approaches and Future Prospects

Cited by 81 publications

References 84 publications

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles - A case report

Treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with a bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell extracellular vesicles - A case report

Recent Advances in miRNA Delivery Systems

MSC-derived exosomes carrying a cocktail of exogenous interfering RNAs an unprecedented therapy in era of COVID-19 outbreak

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