Therapeutic management of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Tobaiqy, Mansour; Qashqary, Mohammed Esmail; Al-Dahery, Shrooq; Mujallad, Alaa; Hershan, Almonther; Kamal, Mohammad Azhar; Helmi, Nawal

doi:10.1016/j.infpip.2020.100061

Cited by 182 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Remdesivir should also not associate to rifampicin in COVID-19/TB co-infection because of strong induction [64]. A recent review has reported that chloroquine phosphate and hydroxychloroquine showed favorable outcomes in the recovery of COVID-19 patients [65][66][67][68][69]. Both chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are metabolized by hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme 2D6 (CYP2D6) [70].…”

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study showed an association between corticosteroid use and lower mortality in COVID-19 patients [69]. Using a glucocorticoid in the early stages of the prognosis for a brief period of time could minimize the in ammation, but longer-term use could result in the risk of HIV and/or TB activation and even lack of treatment with TB.…”

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a glucocorticoid in the early stages of the prognosis for a brief period of time could minimize the in ammation, but longer-term use could result in the risk of HIV and/or TB activation and even lack of treatment with TB. Careful use of corticosteroids with low-to-moderate doses in short courses is advised [69]. Besides, brosis and extensive pulmonary pathology secondary to TB and COVID-19, as de ned in the introduction, can reduce drug penetration at the lung sites.…”

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, liver and kidneys toxicities related to severe and critical COVID-19 need a tailored therapeutic approaches in HIV/TB co-morbidities due to some hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of some HIV/TB drugs such as streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, tenofovir disoproxil, atazanavir/ritonavir, lopinavir/ritonavir as well as HIV induced nephropathy and hepatitis associated to HIV. [69]. Chloroquine: 1 gm PO once on Day 1, then 500 mg PO once daily for 4-7 days, hydroxychloroquine: 800 mg PO once on Day 1, then 400 mg PO once daily for 4-7 days [64] or lopinavir 400 mg/ritonavir 100 mg PO twice [65].…”

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Implications of COVID-19 in high burden countries for HIV/TB: A systematic review of evidence

Tamuzi

Birhanu

Shumba³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background The triple burden of COVID-19, tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus is one of the major global health challenges of the 21 st century. In high burden HIV/TB countries, the spread of COVID-19 among people living with HIV is a well-founded concern. A thorough understanding of HIV/TB and COVID-19 pandemics is important as the three diseases interact. This may clarify HIV/TB/COVID-19 as a newly related field and play an important role in the present and future management of the co-infections. However, several gaps are remaining in the knowledge of the burden of COVID-19 on patients with TB and HIV, the diagnosis, and management of these patients. Objectives The study was conducted to review different studies on SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV or COVID-19 associated with HIV/TB co-infection or only TB and to understand the interactions between HIV, TB and COVID-19 and its implications on the burden of the COVID-19 among HIV/TB co-infected or TB patients, screening algorithm and clinical management. Methods We conducted electronic search of potential eligible studies published in English in the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials, PubMed, Medrxiv, Google scholar and Clinical Trials Registry databases. We included case studies, case series and observational studies published between January, 2002 and March, 2020 in which SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and COVID-19 co-infected to HIV/TB or TB were managed in adult patients. We screened titles, abstracts and full articles for eligibility. As we anticipated heterogeneity in the literature, results were reported narratively. Main results After removing 69 duplicates, 24 out of 246 articles were assessed for eligibility, of which 9 studies were included for qualitative analysis. Among them, we included two case reports, four case series, one case-control and two retrospective observational studies. The studies have shown that TB may occur during or after SARS-CoV. In terms of severity, the proportion of severe/critical SARS, MERS and COVID cases with TB co-infection was higher than in patients with mild/moderate stages (P= 0.0008). Conclusion SARS/MERS-CoV/COVID-19 associated to HIV/TB or TB subjects had a higher risk of developing severe/critical than mild/moderate SARS/MERS-CoV/COVID-19. Diagnostic algorithms and clinical management were suggested for efficiently improving COVID-19/HIV/TB co-infections outcomes.

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Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Drug-drug Interactions and Clinical Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Implications of COVID-19 in high burden countries for HIV/TB: A systematic review of evidence

Tamuzi

Birhanu

Shumba³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…To understand the need to clinically evaluate melatonin against Cov-2, we should make a brief introduction to infectious and physiopathological characteristics related mainly to the viral cycle and host immune response in the COVID-19 ( Figure 5). As an emerging disease, these steps are not fully understood [49]. It has been shown that the infection by SARS-CoV-2 is triggered by similar mechanisms of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, and it is amplified by dysfunctional immune responses [50].…”

Section: Relationship Between the Infectious Condition And The Therapmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19: Rational discovery of the therapeutic potential of Melatonin as a SARS-CoV-2 main Protease Inhibitor

Feitosa¹,

Júnior²,

Neto³

et al. 2020

Int. J. Med. Sci.

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The SARS-CoV-2 spread quickly across the globe. The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11 declared COVID-19 a pandemic. The mortality rate, hospital disorders and incalculable economic and social damages, besides the unproven efficacy of the treatments evaluated against COVID-19, raised the need for immediate control of this disease. Therefore, the current study employed in silico tools to rationally identify new possible SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors. That is an enzyme conserved among the coronavirus species; hence, the identification of an Mpro inhibitor is to make it a broad-spectrum drug. Molecular docking studies described the binding sites and the interaction energies of 74 Mpro-ligand complexes deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). A structural similarity screening was carried out in order to identify possible Mpro ligands that show additional pharmacological properties against COVID-19. We identified 59 hit compounds and among them, melatonin stood out due to its prominent immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities; it can reduce oxidative stress, defence cell mobility and efficiently combat the cytokine storm and sepsis. In addition, melatonin is an inhibitor of calmodulin, an essential intracellular component to maintain angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) on the cell surface. Interestingly, one of the most promising hits in our docking study was melatonin. It revealed better interaction energy with Mpro compared to ligands in complexes from PDB. Consequently, melatonin can have response potential in early stages for its possible effects on ACE-2 and Mpro, although it is also promising in more severe stages of the disease for its action against hyper-inflammation. These results definitely do not confirm antiviral activity, but can rather be used as a basis for further preclinical and clinical trials.

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Prophylactic anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID-19

Flumignan

Tinôco

Pascoal

et al. 2020

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The primary manifestation is respiratory insu iciency that can also be related to di use pulmonary microthrombosis in people with COVID-19. This disease also causes thromboembolic events, such as pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, catheter thrombosis, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Recent studies have indicated a worse prognosis for people with COVID-19 who developed thromboembolism.Anticoagulants are medications used in the prevention and treatment of venous or arterial thromboembolic events. Several drugs are used in the prophylaxis and treatment of thromboembolic events, such as heparinoids (heparins or pentasaccharides), vitamin K antagonists and direct anticoagulants. Besides their anticoagulant properties, heparinoids have an additional anti-inflammatory potential, that may a ect the clinical evolution of people with COVID-19. Some practical guidelines address the use of anticoagulants for thromboprophylaxis in people with COVID-19, however, the benefit of anticoagulants for people with COVID-19 is still under debate. ObjectivesTo assess the e ects of prophylactic anticoagulants versus active comparator, placebo or no intervention, on mortality and the need for respiratory support in people hospitalised with COVID-19. Search methodsWe searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS and IBECS databases, the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register and medRxiv preprint database from their inception to 20 June 2020. We also checked reference lists of any relevant systematic reviews identified and contacted specialists in the field for additional references to trials. Selection criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCTs, cluster-RCTs and cohort studies that compared prophylactic anticoagulants (heparin, vitamin K antagonists, direct anticoagulants, and pentasaccharides) versus active comparator, placebo or no intervention for the management of people hospitalised with COVID-19. We excluded studies without a comparator group. Primary outcomes were all-cause Prophylactic anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID-19 (Review)

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Therapeutic management of patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Cited by 182 publications

References 43 publications

Implications of COVID-19 in high burden countries for HIV/TB: A systematic review of evidence

Implications of COVID-19 in high burden countries for HIV/TB: A systematic review of evidence

COVID-19: Rational discovery of the therapeutic potential of Melatonin as a SARS-CoV-2 main Protease Inhibitor

Prophylactic anticoagulants for people hospitalised with COVID-19

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