Therapeutic effects of oral fluralaner in pet rabbits with severe sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei)

Singh, Shanker K.; Jaiswal, Amit; Kumari, Sanju; Gaur, Ruchi Singh; Sharma, Prabha; Khushboo, Richa; Jaiswal, Manu

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2022.109693

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…While the FLR-treated group in our study showed parasitological cure starting from D10 post-treatment, Singh et al ( 2022 ) reported that parasitological cure was delayed till D45 post-treatment. Interestingly, Hyun et al ( 2019 ) reported that parasitological cure was noticed as early as D7 post-treatment in FLR-treated mangy raccoon dogs.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Sharaf,

Othman,

Abd El Ghaffar

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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Recently, scabies was included in the WHO roadmap for neglected tropical diseases 2021–2030. Till now, ivermectin is the only available oral drug that is currently approved for treating crusted scabies in humans. Concerns regarding its efficacy and safety have prompted research efforts to find new alternatives. Our study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a single dose of fluralaner in cases of crusted scabies in comparison with that of repeated weekly high doses of ivermectin. For the in vitro study, twenty adult female mites were exposed to 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml ivermectin and fluralaner to evaluate their effects on mites' survival. For the in vivo study, thirty-five male crossbreed rabbits were divided into 4 groups: group I (non-infected, non-treated), group II (infected, non-treated), group III (infected and treated with ivermectin in a weekly oral dose of 0.4 mg/kg body weight/rabbit for 4 weeks, starting 8 weeks post-infection), and group IV (infected and treated with fluralaner given as a single oral dose of 25 mg/kg body weight/rabbit, starting 8 weeks post-infection). Clinical, parasitological, histopathological, and biochemical assessments were done. Clinical and parasitological assays were accomplished to all infected groups starting from day 0, then on days 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 post-treatment, while histopathological and biochemical assessments were done at the end of the 8th week post-treatment (day 56). Our results showed that fluralaner exhibited a higher acaricidal effect on adult Sarcoptes scabiei var. cuniculi when compared with ivermectin applied in the same concentration (50 μg/ml or 100 μg/ml). Concerning the in vivo study, both clinical cure and parasitological cure were noted in both treated groups, evidenced by complete absence of all clinical signs of infestation and absence of mites in all skin scrapings. However, the ivermectin-treated group showed incomplete histopathological and biochemical resolution. Interestingly, both clinical cure and negative skin scrapings were noticed earlier in the fluralaner-treated group, with no apparent side effects. Also, no significant differences were noticed in the skin sections and serum biochemical parameters when compared with those of the negative control group. We concluded that fluralaner is a promising scabicidal agent that is recommended to be studied for possible human use, especially in control programs. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Sharaf,

Othman,

Abd El Ghaffar

et al. 2023

Parasitol Res

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“…Sarcoptic mange, a skin condition caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei, can decimate wild animal populations (Montecino-Latorre et al 2019). These ectoparasitic infestations have been observed to be highly contagious and often fatal in rabbits (Singh et al 2022). The mite can also survive offhost for some time while remaining contagious.…”

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confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of the composition and acaricidal efficacy of Urtica fissa leaf ethyl acetate extract against Sarcoptes scabiei mites

Liao¹,

Bao²,

Tao³

et al. 2023

Vet. Med. - Czech

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In veterinary medicine, natural products provide an alternative to chemical agents for mite management. In the present study, the acaricidal efficacy of Urtica fissa leaf ethyl acetate extract against Sarcoptes scabiei mites was examined. The chemical composition of the extract was determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The ethyl acetate extract was found to be extremely toxic to mites at a concentration of 100 mg/ml (m/v), killing all S. scabiei within two hours. The median lethal time (LT50) values for ethyl acetate extract concentrations of 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml against S. scabiei were 1.706, 1.204, and 0.750 h, respectively. The median lethal dosage (LC50) for S. scabiei was 19.14 mg/ml at two hours. The chemical composition of the ethyl acetate extract was evaluated using LC-MS, showing that the major components were schaftoside (8.259%), carnosol (6.736%), prostaglandin A2 (5.94%), 13(S)-HpOTrE (4.624%), nandrolone (4.264%), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde (4.138%), 9-oxoODE (3.206%), and stearidonic acid (2.891%). In conclusion, these findings indicate that Urtica fissa contains promising new acaricidal compounds capable of successfully controlling animal mites.

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Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review

Chiriac,

Diaconeasa,

Miulescu

et al. 2024

Eur J Pediatr

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Therapeutic effects of oral fluralaner in pet rabbits with severe sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei)

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

Evaluation of the scabicidal effect of a single dose of fluralaner in a rabbit model of crusted scabies

In vitro evaluation of the composition and acaricidal efficacy of Urtica fissa leaf ethyl acetate extract against Sarcoptes scabiei mites

Scabies in infants and children – a narrative review

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