Therapeutic applications of magnetic nanoparticles: recent advances

Abstract

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) show tremendous possibilities in the biomedical field, especially as therapeutic agents for a prolonged duration. Most notably, magnetic nanoparticles are widely used in magnetic hyperthermia, targeted drug...

Comparative analysis of cobalt ferrite and iron oxide nanoparticles using bimodal hyperthermia, along with physical and in silico interaction with human hemoglobin

“…The temperature also shows a linear relationship with the concentration. As magnetic hyperthermia is heavily reliant on MNPs absorbing power under the influence of an external magnetic field, the following equation can be used to calculate the specific absorption rate (SAR) per unit mass of MNPs: 6 SAR = C (d T /d t )( m s / m m )where C denotes the specific heat capacity of the suspension, d T /d t is the initial slope, m s is the mass of the suspension and m m is the mass of magnetic material. According to the data, the SAR of the PAA-CFNPs is greater than that of the PAA-IONPs.…”

“…5 By contrast, light-induced PTT uses a visible or near-infrared (NIR) laser to irradiate cancer cells loaded with nanoparticles (NPs), converting the light energy into heat for the localized destruction of cancer tissues. 6,7 Since magnetic nanoparticles can serve as probes for both MHT and PTT, these two therapies can be used in combination as a dual-therapy approach. As a result of this bimodal approach, the following clinical outcomes are possible: (i) a lower dosage of NPs and greater effectiveness; (ii) reduced laser power exposure; (iii) reduced current intensity; (iv) reduced toxicity; and (v) enabling a single injection of an all-in-one NP.…”

A Review of Advanced Multifunctional Magnetic Nanostructures for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Integrated into an Artificial Intelligence Approach

“…MNPs surfaces modified with functional groups enable derivatization and high solubility in a wide range of solvents. To reduce the health risks associated with MNPs, the following suggestions for reducing their toxicity may be worth considering for cancer diagnosis and cancer therapy applications [ 240 , 241 , 242 ].…”

Influence of the Type of Biocompatible Polymer in the Shell of Magnetite Nanoparticles on Their Interaction with DPPC in Two-Component Langmuir Monolayers

“…, electronics, energy and information storage, medicine, and a variety of sensors. − For medicine, focusing on novel and more efficient therapies and diagnosis, magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) are a particularly important group of nanomaterials. Their intrinsic size-dependent superparamagnetism combined with a small size comparable to functional biomolecules, nontoxicity, and wide chemical affinity make them an attractive nanomaterial for, among others, magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery, and hyperthermia-based anticancer therapy. − However, successful application of MNPs requires the modification of their surfaces with organic or inorganic materials to prevent their oxidation and provide colloidal stability of their suspensions. − Natural and synthetic polymers, such as chitosan, dextran, starch, polyethylene glycol (PEG), poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poly­(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), belong to the materials widely used as coatings of MNPs for application in medicine. − The shell made of these polymers not only protects MNPs from aggregation and stabilizes their surface but can also improve their biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition, these polymers provide highly reactive chemical groups on the surfaces of MNPs, e.g.…”