Therapeutic application of exosomes in ischaemic stroke

Li, Yongfang; Tang, Yaohui; Yang, Guo‐Yuan

doi:10.1136/svn-2020-000419

Cited by 39 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 154 publications

(121 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Exosomes can be considered as extracellular particles that are small and non-toxic, and are discharged by a different cell types that are biologically active, particularly from, but not limited to, the epithealial, immunological, and tumorous cells, as well as neurons and the glia. They consist of heterogenous substances that include proteins and lipids, as well as DNA fragments, mRNAs, and miRNAs [179]. The exosomes might have a positive potential in the treatment of neurological diseases, including ischemic post-stroke conditions, due to their efficient crossing of the blood-brain barrier while not provoking an immune response.…”

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exosomes might have a positive potential in the treatment of neurological diseases, including ischemic post-stroke conditions, due to their efficient crossing of the blood-brain barrier while not provoking an immune response. Furthermore, it was shown that they have an ability to be retained by peripheral organs, and thus, may play a crucial role in cerebral ischemia [179,180]. Different, non-coding RNAs in exosomes can enhance the neural communication and improve the regulation of the development and regeneration of the neuronal cells and myelin synapses, remodeling of blood vessels, inhibition of neuroinflammation, and maintenance of homeostasis of the nervous system.…”

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Genetic Basis of Strokes in Pediatric Populations and Insight into New Therapeutic Options

Janković

Petrović²,

Novaković

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Strokes within pediatric populations are considered to be the 10th leading cause of death in the United States of America, with over half of such events occurring in children younger than one year of life. The multifactorial etiopathology that has an influence on stroke development and occurrence signify the importance of the timely recognition of both modifiable and non-modifiable factors for adequate diagnostic and treatment approaches. The early recognition of a stroke and stroke risk in children has the potential to advance the application of neuroprotective, thrombolytic, and antithrombotic interventions and rehabilitation strategies to the earliest possible timepoints after the onset of a stroke, improving the outcomes and quality of life for affected children and their families. The recent development of molecular genetic methods has greatly facilitated the analysis and diagnosis of single-gene disorders. In this review, the most significant single gene disorders associated with pediatric stroke are presented, along with specific therapeutic options whenever they exist. Besides monogenic disorders that may present with stroke as a first symptom, genetic polymorphisms may contribute to the risk of pediatric and perinatal stroke. The most frequently studied genetic risk factors are several common polymorphisms in genes associated with thrombophilia; these genes code for proteins that are part of the coagulation cascade, fibrolysis, homocystein metabolism, lipid metabolism, or platelets. Single polymorphism frequencies may not be sufficient to completely explain the stroke causality and an analysis of several genotype combinations is a more promising approach. The recent steps forward in our understanding of the disorders underlying strokes has given us a next generation of therapeutics and therapeutic targets by which to improve stroke survival, protect or rebuild neuronal connections in the brain, and enhance neural function. Advances in DNA sequencing and the development of new tools to correct human gene mutations have brought genetic analysis and gene therapy into the focus of investigations for new therapeutic options for stroke patients.

show abstract

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genetic Basis of Strokes in Pediatric Populations and Insight into New Therapeutic Options

Janković

Petrović²,

Novaković

et al. 2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Their pathological effect may be essentially detrimental, as for instance, in subjects with a myocardial infarction, coronary flow reserve was inversely associated with platelet-and endothelial-derived circulating MV carrying proatherogenic proteins [105]. Oppositely, a large body of evidence suggests that exosomes, at least externally administered, might exert a protective effect in ischemic events [106][107][108]. In an experimental model of stroke, rats were administered exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, 2 h after middle cerebral artery occlusion.…”

Section: Role Of Ev As Effectors and Biomarkers Of Macementioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicles in atherothrombosis and cardiovascular disease: Friends and foes

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Extracellular vesicles (EV, exosomes and microvesicles -MV-) are 30-1000 nm particles surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer membrane that are released from almost all cell types through several pathways. EV encapsulate bioactive molecules, and the molecular cargo is determined by the trigger stimulating its release, reflecting its cell origin and biological functions.This review is primarily focused on the latest evidence of the roles of EV, released from cells involved in the different stages of atherothrombosis. The potential translation of this information to the clinical arena is also discussed.EV can have both pro-and anti-atherothrombotic effects depending on several factors, such as the type of vesicle (MV/exosome), its molecular cargo, its cell of origin, and the context in which are generated, i.e., the stimulus triggering its release. In fact, EV actively participate in every step of atherosclerosis onset and progression, and also in thrombus formation leading to a major adverse cardiovascular event. Moreover, EV have a determinant role in fibrous cap stability, thus determining the propensity of the plaque to rupture. On the other hand, and again, conditioned by the context and stimulus instigating its secretion, some EV may have protective biological functions, perhaps as a compensatory mechanism or even with reparative or regenerative potential. Therefore, the study of the implication of EV in atherothrombosis might be of relevance to unveil new therapeutic targets, vectors and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

show abstract

“…Recently, EVs have gained a lot of interest in stroke therapy, since they have been found to cross the BBB and reach the central nervous system (CNS), usually as a component of conditioned media (CM) ( Fig. 2 ) [ 58 , 60 , 61 ]. Being able to reach CNS and their small size make them highly biocompatible for targeted delivery of cell cargo [ 62 ].…”

Section: Future Treatments: Limiting Reperfusion Damage and Recovering From Ischemic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of ischemic stroke treatment: From thrombolysis to potential regenerative medicine

Hurd

Goel

Sakai

et al. 2021

Regenerative Therapy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is expected to increase in the future with the aging population. Currently, there are no clinically available treatments for damage sustained during an ischemic stroke, but much research is being conducted in this area. In this review, we will introduce current ischemic stroke treatments along with their limitations, as well as research on potential short and long-term future treatments. There are advantages and disadvantages in these potential treatments, but our understanding of these methods and their effectiveness in clinical trials are improving. We are confident that some future treatments introduced in this review will become commonly used in clinical settings in the future.

show abstract

Therapeutic application of exosomes in ischaemic stroke

Cited by 39 publications

References 154 publications

The Genetic Basis of Strokes in Pediatric Populations and Insight into New Therapeutic Options

The Genetic Basis of Strokes in Pediatric Populations and Insight into New Therapeutic Options

Extracellular vesicles in atherothrombosis and cardiovascular disease: Friends and foes

Current status of ischemic stroke treatment: From thrombolysis to potential regenerative medicine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About