Theory on Voices

Shawyer, Frances; Thomas, Neil; Morris, Eric; Farhall, John

doi:10.1002/9781118499184.ch2

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Both of these approaches have been utilized instinctively (Tsai and Ku, 2005 ) and therapeutically (Tarrier et al, 1990 ) with people who hear distressing voices with some effect, but may not generate positive outcomes in the longer term (Tarrier et al, 1993 ). Indeed, such “fight” and “flight” strategies have been associated with a range of negative outcomes (see Shawyer et al, 2013 for a review).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the “Fit” between the Patient and the Therapy: The Role of Patient Gender in Selecting Psychological Therapy for Distressing Voices

Hayward¹,

Slater²,

Berry³

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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The experience of hearing distressing voices has recently attracted much attention in the literature on psychological therapies. A new “wave” of therapies is considering voice hearing experiences within a relational framework. However, such therapies may have limited impact if they do not precisely target key psychological variables within the voice hearing experience and/or ensure there is a “fit” between the profile of the hearer and the therapy (the so-called “What works for whom” debate). Gender is one aspect of both the voice and the hearer (and the interaction between the two) that may be influential when selecting an appropriate therapy, and is an issue that has thus far received little attention within the literature. The existing literature suggests that some differences in voice hearing experience are evident between the genders. Furthermore, studies exploring interpersonal relating in men and women more generally suggest differences within intimate relationships in terms of distancing and emotionality. The current study utilized data from four published studies to explore the extent to which these gender differences in social relating may extend to relating within the voice hearing experience. The findings suggest a role for gender as a variable that can be considered when identifying an appropriate psychological therapy for a given hearer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing the “Fit” between the Patient and the Therapy: The Role of Patient Gender in Selecting Psychological Therapy for Distressing Voices

Hayward¹,

Slater²,

Berry³

et al. 2016

Front. Psychol.

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“…Rather than focusing on symptom reduction, interventions focusing on promoting the client's ability to progress towards valued life goals might represent a meaningful treatment option for individuals with distressing voices. An example of such approaches is Acceptance and Commitment Therapy interventions for distressing voices (Shawyer, Thomas, Morris, & Farhall, ; Thomas, Morris, Shawyer, & Farhall, ), which have increasingly been used with individuals with distressing psychotic symptoms, with encouraging preliminary outcomes (Valmaggia & Morris, ). Within PCT and other control theories, psychological distress is assumed to arise whenever a person experiences loss of control over valued goals, most commonly resulting from chronic conflict between important strivings and goals (Carey, Mansell, Tai, & Turkington, ), and that long‐term distress resolution can only be achieved when information pertaining to higher‐order goals is accessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What is distressing about auditory verbal hallucinations? The contribution of goal interference and goal facilitation

2017

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These findings suggest that variability in voice-related distress is closely linked to the perceived impact of voices on personal goals. These strong effects observed highlight the importance of considering the role of personal goals in future research on the psychological mechanisms leading to distress associated with voice hearing. Psychological assessments may benefit from the careful exploration of the impact of voice hearing on valued goals, and interventions promoting control over personal goals may be explored as treatment options for clients with distressing voices.

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“…Instead, distress may arise from a counterproductive relationship with voices, characterized by automatically reacting to their presence by trying to avoid, change, fight and resist them, all of which are forms of experiential avoidance (Hayes, Luoma, Bond, Masuda, & Lillis, 2006). According to Shawyer, Thomas, Morris and Farhall (2013), the hearing voices experience is particularly susceptible to experiential avoidance and to interfering with moving towards one's valued life directions. In this regard, aspects as the experiences' intrusiveness and salience (driving attention towards them and evoking unpleasant emotional responses), verbal content (leading to possible cognitive fusion mechanisms) and interpersonal qualities may be particularly relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pilot study of the Portuguese version of the Voices Acceptance and Action Scale: Psychometric properties in a clinical sample with psychosis-spectrum disorders

Martins¹,

Castilho²,

Macedo³

et al. 2019

Análise Psicológica

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Tendo em conta o interesse recente nas intervenções baseadas na aceitação para a psicose, tem sido recomendado que os mecanismos de coping com as vozes, nomeadamente a aceitação experiencial, sejam avaliados no contexto clínico e de investigação. A Escala de Aceitação e Ação em relação às Vozes (VAAS-12) é um instrumento de autorresposta especificamente desenvolvido para avaliar as crenças baseadas na aceitação ou na ação em relação às alucinações auditivo-verbais. O presente estudo tem como objetivo a tradução, adaptação e estudo das propriedades psicométricas da versão portuguesa da VAAS-12 numa amostra clínica dentro do espectro das perturbações psicóticas. A VAAS-12 foi traduzida e adaptada para Português. As suas propriedades psicométricas foram posteriormente estudadas numa amostra de cinquenta e quatro participantes do sexo masculino, maioritariamente solteiros, desempregados e com uma experiência de ouvir vozes na última semana. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias para as estruturas de um e dois fatores sugeridas em estudos prévios, sendo que ambas apresentaram índices de ajustamento inaceitáveis. A análise fatorial exploratória realizada posteriormente revelou uma estrutura alternativa de dois fatores (“Não interferência e ação” e “Aceitação e Funcionamento”) que obteve ajustamento adequado. Foi encontrada adequada consistência interna e validade de constructo, tendo sido encontradas associações negativas com a perceção das vozes como hostis-dominantes e resistência em relação às vozes. A VAAS-12 parece ser adequada para uso em contexto clínico e de investigação, embora mais estudos sejam necessários particularmente no que diz respeito à subescala “Aceitação e Funcionamento”.

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Theory on Voices

Cited by 7 publications

References 122 publications

Establishing the “Fit” between the Patient and the Therapy: The Role of Patient Gender in Selecting Psychological Therapy for Distressing Voices

Establishing the “Fit” between the Patient and the Therapy: The Role of Patient Gender in Selecting Psychological Therapy for Distressing Voices

What is distressing about auditory verbal hallucinations? The contribution of goal interference and goal facilitation

A pilot study of the Portuguese version of the Voices Acceptance and Action Scale: Psychometric properties in a clinical sample with psychosis-spectrum disorders

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