Theory of ordering in three-dimensional polymer systems with local orientational-deformational interactions

Nano-Scale Characterization of a Piezoelectric Polymer (Polyvinylidene Difluoride, PVDF)

“…This effect is caused by lamellae (usually 20nm thick) of crystalline embedded within amorphous regions (chain-folded model) of the samples. It was reported that one a 3D polymer was fixed at its ends, the local intra- and inter-chain associated orientational-deformational interactions could induce spontaneous ordering [25]. The lamellae were randomly oriented with no electric potentials present in the sample.…”

Ordering and the relaxation properties of macromolecules in ferroelectric polymer films

“…In this work, in order to describe and explain the spatial distribution of remanent polarization, we used a modified lattice model of a three dimensional poly mer system constructed from flexible kinetic units with intra and interchain orientation strain interac tions [1].…”

“…In the case of a three dimensional extended layer of finite thickness consisting of N 1 kinetic units of chains of length l, the expression for the orientational order parameter μ n ≡ (0 ≤ n ≤ N 1 ) is reduced by the method of normal coordinates [1] to the form…”

“…tions of flexible segments of chains and T c is the tem perature for transition of the system to the ordered state [1]. Figure 1 shows the computed dependences of the orientational order parameter μ n on the film thickness for a three dimensional model of an extended layer with a finite chain length (N 1 = 2.8 × 10 3 ) with free ends of chains and experimental data on the spatial distribution of polarization obtained by the method of piezoelectric pressure step in a 30 μm thick film of the copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroeth ylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) [2].…”