Theory: Foundations of Artificial Neural Networks

Buscema, Massimo

doi:10.3109/10826089809115858

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…This is not a semantic issue. Using linear models/tools to study non-linear processes/phenomena can and does result in misleading conclusions and can therefore also result in inappropriate intervention (Buscema, 1998 taking among MSM has become well documented in numerous behavioral studies. The findings suggest ".…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use in the MSM Population of New York City during the Era of HIV/AIDS

Halkitis

Pollock

Pappas

et al. 2011

Substance Use & Misuse

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This literature review considers the historical significance, emergence of, and interplay between the HIV and illicit drug use epidemics among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in New York City (NYC). The continual rise in HIV infections in recent years among MSM, particularly among young MSM (YMSM), commands a need for the examination of the effectiveness of current HIV prevention strategies and a more comprehensive understanding of the complex biopsychosocial influences that place YMSM at risk. A chronological perspective of both the HIV and illicit drug use epidemics affecting NYC MSM is presented, followed by a review of the existing research on the synergistic relation between the two. Special consideration is given to the patterns and interconnectivity between HIV, substance use, and housing instability specific to YMSM, as they represent the demographic currently at greatest risk for HIV transmission in NYC. Thereafter, an overview of treatment research is provided. We conclude by offering recommendations for future research and best practices as we move forward in an attempt to reduce the incidence of HIV transmission.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance Use in the MSM Population of New York City during the Era of HIV/AIDS

Halkitis

Pollock

Pappas

et al. 2011

Substance Use & Misuse

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“…The choice of a relatively unusual and sophisticated inferential technique such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) is motivated by the fact that the underlying relation to be estimated among our independent sample variables and the dependent variable (the PGWB total score) is extremely complex and there is no reliable a-priori statistical model to refer to. ANNs self-adjust their structure as they learn from their own errors, and can handle simultaneously a very high number of variables, irrespectively of their underlying degree of non-linearity, and this leads to structurally robust results even when the underlying statistical process is not well understood, thereby allowing to cope with many sources of inferential inaccuracy such as outliers, collinear interactions among variables, hidden variables, and so on (Buscema 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study

Grossi

Sacco

Blessi

et al. 2010

Applied Research Quality Life

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The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between cultural access and individual psychological well-being, in order to provide a possible estimation of the impact of cultural participation upon subjective perceptions of well being. Our exploratory research was based on a cross-sectional survey undertook on a mediumlarge sample (n=1500) of Italian residents in fall 2008. We refer to the Psychological General Well-Being Index-PGWBI, a tool that has been validated through 30 years of research, as an index of measurement. Moreover, we have administered to the sample an additional questionnaire inquiring about access to 15 distinct culturally related activities. Data are processed by means of a specific methodology based on ANN and Called TWIST. TWIST has been developed by the Semeion Research Center, Rome. Our analysis suggests that culture has a relevant role as a determinant of individual psychological well-being, in that a selected subset of cultural variables turn out to perform among the best predictors of individual PGWB levels. Our results also allow some preliminary considerations about innovative, well-being focused public health policies leveraging upon the human and social developmental role of culture.

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“…However, it should be noted that the cross-sectional 1712 Pallesen et al design employed in the present study does not enable us to draw any conclusion about causality between anabolic steroid use and depression. In addition, depression is clearly a multidimensional construct and may be related to other phenomena in a nonlinear fashion (see Buscema, 1998). As it has been hypothesized that poor as well as good health behavior may be spread in a local environment by so-called early adopters who have picked up on the behavior from media and other sources acting as a role model (Bandura, 1986), we wanted to estimate the proportion of adolescents who actually had at least one acquaintance that used or had used anabolic steroids.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic Steroid Use in High School Students

Pallesen

Jøsendal²,

Johnsen

et al. 2006

Substance Use & Misuse

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A total of 1351 high school students (52.3% males, 47.7% females) with mean age 17.5 years (SD = 2.2) from randomized school classes in Hordaland County, Norway, participated in an Internet survey conducted in 2004 about the lifetime use of anabolic steroids and personal acquaintance with at least one user of anabolic steroids. In addition to questions about anabolic steroids the participants completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. They also answered questions about demography, smoking, and narcotic use. The lifetime prevalence for use of anabolic steroids was 3.6% for males and 0.6% for females. In all, 27.9% of the respondents reported having at least one acquaintance that used or had used anabolic steroids. Use of anabolic steroids and having acquaintances using such drugs were strongly related to use of other drugs such as alcohol, nicotine, and narcotics. Implications for prevention are discussed and the study's limitations are noted.

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Theory: Foundations of Artificial Neural Networks

Cited by 21 publications

References 143 publications

Substance Use in the MSM Population of New York City during the Era of HIV/AIDS

Substance Use in the MSM Population of New York City during the Era of HIV/AIDS

The Impact of Culture on the Individual Subjective Well-Being of the Italian Population: An Exploratory Study

Anabolic Steroid Use in High School Students

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