Theories of Land Reform and Their Impact on Land Reform Success in Southern Africa

Hull, Simon; Babalola, Kehinde Hassan; Whittal, Jennifer

doi:10.3390/land8110172

Cited by 38 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Firstly, it is worth highlighting that, for generations, customary land tenure has been the broad African view of land [12]. Equally noteworthy is that hardly any truly indigenous tenure system remains, and that current/modern versions of customary tenure are contaminated with traits of colonial, and in the South African case, apartheid administration and, it is argued, an associated feudal, anti-democratic version of customary land right, tenure, and administration [13].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This alleged contamination forms the basis for land reform in most parts of southern Africa, including South Africa. Hull et al [12] describe three main land reform theories. On one end, there is conservative theory and on the other end is replacement theory, while adaptation theory is the hybrid of the two extreme cases.…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hybrid adaptation theory leans towards a participatory approach where communities decide which rights are important and should be registered. The incremental theory is premised on the notion that land titling is a long-term objective and asserts that customary land tenure does not limit land development [12].…”

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Factors Affecting Performance of Land Reform Beneficiaries in South Africa

2021

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The ability of farmers to operate redistributed farms in a profitable and sustainable manner is crucial for both successful integration into agricultural value chains and sustainable production systems. The performance of redistributed farms is becoming increasingly important as the number of redistributed farms increases in light of correcting previous anomalies in land ownership in South Africa while ensuring continued food security. Although much has been done to assess the impact of land reform on macro variables, little has been done to unpack factors associated with the success of redistributed farms. Using a sample of 1956 redistributed farms across the nine provinces of South Africa, the current study employs an ordinary least square regression as well as a generalised logistic regression model to identify factors associated with the success (measured by net farm income and probability to operate at commercially viable scale) of the sampled farms. The results show that infrastructure, support (both technical and financial), and type of market used are significantly associated with the performance of redistributed farms. In addition, the results reveal disparities in performance across provinces and across gender categories. The study provides valuable insight to programme managers on the factors that needs to be enhanced in order to increase the odds of success for redistributed farms.

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Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theoretical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluating Factors Affecting Performance of Land Reform Beneficiaries in South Africa

2021

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“…However, most customary law in Africa is not codified. Additionally, it is rarely binding beyond a particular community [19,20]. Customary land tenure can be understood as a social system and as a legal code, which can be referred to as the de facto situation, constituting the communally accepted rule that one has to follow for access to land, land use rights, and other interests [19].…”

Section: Understanding Land Grabbing and Customary Land Tenure In Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Changes of the Meaning of Customary Land in the Context of Land Grabbing in Malawi

Bae

2021

Land

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Ordinary Malawians who live in customary land have been suffering from land grabbing due to their weak and ill-defined land rights. Although Malawi has experienced a number of land reforms that should have contributed to strengthening customary land rights, many people in customary land still suffer from land grabbing. Accordingly, it is important to understand the factors that lead to land grabbing in customary land in Malawi. Thus, by looking at the overview of land laws and policies throughout history, this study has two aims: (1) to analyze the historical changes in the meaning and position of customary land in Malawi and (2) to analyze the land grabbers in Malawi before, during, and after the colonial era. In order to achieve the main goals, this research mainly analyzes land laws and policies connected to customary land in Malawi. The main findings of this research are that (1) the meaning of customary land changed before and after the colonial period, but little has changed between the colonial period and the present. Since the creation of land laws during the colonial period, the land rights of the people who live in customary land have not been secured, and (2) the land grabbers changed from the British colonial rulers and European settlers to the Government of Malawi. Further, with the recent land laws, such as Land Act 2016 and Customary Land Act 2016, wealthy Malawians may become new land grabbers who can afford to obtain the customary estate grants. By examining the main results, it was found that from the colonial period until the present, customary land has been vulnerable to land grabbing as its weak position still resembles that of the colonial era. Thus, Malawi appears to face significant challenges in amending its customary land laws for the benefit of the poor.

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“…Policymakers, who usually depend on a thinking path, tend to rely on previous successful experiences to formulate relevant policies today, and they are not sensitive to the needs of the new land tenure system with the changing times [38]. Faced with the current incompatibility between rural land policies and the situation of economic development, the government has only tried to resolve the contradictions by means of local government funding.…”

Section: Aims Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Supply and Demand of Farmers’ Land Contract Rights-Based on 697 Households in Four Provinces of China

Wang

2020

Land

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A new urbanization and rural revitalization strategy has been implemented in China over a number of years, under which farmers’ land contract rights (LCRs) flow inevitably through various means. The practice in reform pilot areas indicates that government funds cannot meet all the needs, so exploring market-based LCR payout paths is important for rural land tenure system reform. The purpose of this study is to answer questions such as the following: How would farmers respond if they were allowed to trade LCRs? Is there an equilibrium point between the potential supply and demand of LCRs? Which factors would affect the potential supply and demand of LCRs? In this study, 697 valid questionnaires from Ningxia, Hebei, Henan, and Shandong provinces, China, were used for analysis by the multiple bounded discrete choice (MBDC) method and MBDC-Tobit model. The results show that there is a potential market among rural collective households in China, with an equilibrium price of ¥27,800/mu ($59,714.4/ha), and a proportion of farmers who are willing to buy or sell LCRs is around 10.0%. The factors affecting the potential supply and demand of LCRs include land grade, average agricultural income per unit, total money to buy urban houses and cars, age, number of household members with a college education or above, and risk appetite. If the institutional barriers that hinder LCR transactions were eliminated, the potential supply and demand of LCRs would be matched, and the market would provide funds for next-stage reforms.

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Theories of Land Reform and Their Impact on Land Reform Success in Southern Africa

Cited by 38 publications

References 54 publications

Evaluating Factors Affecting Performance of Land Reform Beneficiaries in South Africa

Evaluating Factors Affecting Performance of Land Reform Beneficiaries in South Africa

Analyzing the Changes of the Meaning of Customary Land in the Context of Land Grabbing in Malawi

The Potential Supply and Demand of Farmers’ Land Contract Rights-Based on 697 Households in Four Provinces of China

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