Theoretical study of system peaks in linear chromatography

Modeling of modifier‐solute peak interactions in chromatography

“…Furthermore, the solute peak becomes narrower due to the interference with the modifier peak, hence the solute concentration c 2 A becomes higher than c 2 F , again in accordance with the overall column mass balance 8 .…”

“…It is also clear from Eq. 13 that the ⌫ ϩ and ⌫ -in the lower and upper region, respectively, asymptotically approach the horizontal line c 1 ϭ c * 1 as c 2 3 ϱ and the y-axis as c 2 According to the simple wave theory, 9,10 if the solution to equations 1 and 2 has its image on a ⌫ -or ⌫ ϩ in the hodograph plane, then the solution in the physical plane (x, ) is constituted of a family of straight C ϩ or C -characteristics, respectively, whose slope is given by…”

“…Therefore, the solute peak is eluted earlier than the modifier peak and it is broadened due to the interference with the modifier peak. The peak broadening leads obviously to a lower solute concentration, c 2 B , so as to satisfy the overall column mass balance (cf. Ströhlein et al 8 ).…”

“…As in case a), the state F is situated below and to the right with respect to state 0, which is on the c 1 -axis. Connecting state 0 to F via ⌫ characteristics requires moving first along the horizontal ⌫ -characteristic going through 0, and then along the ⌫ ϩ characteristic going through F. The intersection of these ⌫ -and ⌫ ϩ characteristics is the intermediate constant state A, where the solute concentration c 2 A is higher than c 2 F , according to Eq. 13.…”

“…Interferences between these two peaks leads to peak deformation, double peaks, retention time distortion and other phenomena that have been investigated experimentally by several researchers. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] The objective of this work is to analyze in a general way the pulse propagation of a solute, whose retention depends on the concentration of a modifier, in the cases where the concentration of the modifier in the injected pulse and in the background mobile phase is different.…”