Theoretical study of output of piezoelectric nanogenerator based on composite of PZT nanowires and polymers

High-performance piezoelectric energy harvesting of vertically aligned Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 nanorod arrays

“…32 However, the output voltage of such devices is lower than 1.0 V, which is much lower than the nanober-based devices and shows no obvious superiority than the other kinds of piezoelectric materials such as ZnO and BaTiO 3 . 18,23,34 Aer that, few reports have been focused on either the synthesis or the piezoelectric performance of the single-crystal PZT nanowire arrays, limiting the application of these excellent piezoelectric materials in the micro-scaled energy harvesting devices.…”

Mechanical Energy Harvesting Performance of Ferroelectric Polymer Nanowires Grown via Template‐Wetting

“…The results from the model could be compared with peak open‐circuit voltage measurements of the devices for different mechanical input frequencies (associated with different peak stresses). This approach of calculating applied stress and/or strain from open‐circuit voltage has been used analytically in other reported work on piezoelectric energy‐harvesting devices . From the stress and strain calculated by the model, the strain energy of the nanowires can be calculated and then compared with the measured electrical energy output, in order to determine the material energy conversion efficiency of the respective template‐grown P(VDF‐TrFE) nanowires, as well as η T and η S …”

“…For modelling the piezoelectric energy‐harvesting devices, a finite element method (FEM) was used, which is a well‐established technique for modelling 3D systems of arbitrary geometry and has been previously used to model piezoelectric nanostructures . Modelling was carried out within the software package COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2.…”

“…Form odelling the piezoelectric energy-harvesting devices, af inite element method (FEM)w as used, which is aw ell-established technique for modelling 3D systems of arbitrary ge- ometry and has been previously used to model piezoelectric nanostructures. [35][36][37] Modelling was carried out within the softwarep ackage COMSOL Multiphysics5.2. Due to the scale mismatch between the macroscopic devices and their nanoscale features,m odellingo facomplete device was computationally impossible due to the required number of elements to adequately mesh the geometry.T he approach taken was therefore to model small areas of ad evice containing a manageable number ( 61) of full-length nanowires and to determine the potential difference created across the nanowires for ag iven stress applied to the device.G iven the restriction on the area of devicet hat could be modelled, this approachb enefits from the fact that the nanowires act as parallel capacitors in the device geometry.…”

“…This approach of calculating applied stress and/or strain from open-circuit voltage has been used analytically in otherr eportedw ork on piezoelectric energy-harvestingd evices. [35,37] From the stress and strain calculated by the model, the strain energy of the nanowires can be calculated and then compared with the measured electrical energy output, in order to determine the material energy conversion efficiency of the respective templategrown P(VDF-TrFE) nanowires,aswella sh T and h S . [6] Ad etailed descriptiono ft he modela nd parameters used is provided in Supporting InformationS 3.…”