Theoretical examination of effective oxygen diffusion coefficient and electrical conductivity of polymer electrolyte fuel cell porous components

Inoue, Gen; Yokoyama, Kouji; Ooyama, Junpei; Terao, Takeshi; Tokunaga, Tomomi; Kubo, Norio; Kawase, Motoaki

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2016.07.107

Cited by 110 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…They simulated the single-phase air flow though the GDL to calculate the absolute permeability of 14 regions by introducing 3D binary mesh into the LB model, which was converted from shadow images obtained by X-ray micro/nano-tomography. GDL can be performed by X-ray CT even when it is under compression, as was proved by Inoue et al [3]. Moreover, Rama et al presented a 3D morphological model of a carbon cloth GDL by using the three main steps mentioned above [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…There have been many previous papers that have reported the 3D reconstruction of GDL using the X-ray method [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. For example, Koido et al [4] obtained carbon paper GDL (Toray TGP-H-060) by microfocal X-ray CT using a thinning algorithm of an image processing technique to extract the connectivity number for constructing the pore network.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Fiber Orientation on Stochastic Reconstruction and Permeability of a Carbon Paper Gas Diffusion Layer

Gao

Jin

et al. 2019

Energies

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By analyzing the three-dimensional digital model of a real carbon paper gas diffusion layer (GDL) reconstructed by X-ray computed tomography (CT), it was found that fibers are not distributed at any angle but within a certain range. The fiber orientation can be represented by fiber pitch (i.e., the angle between a single fiber and the in-plane direction). The effect of fiber orientation on stochastic reconstruction and transport properties (permeability) was investigated in this paper to find which fiber pitch range can achieve a better GDL on fluid flow. First, the actual fiber pitch was measured by analyzing SGL-24BA images obtained by X-ray CT. Also, seven different ranges of fiber pitch were randomly chosen to reconstruct GDL. Then, the permeability of these digital models was calculated using the Lattice Bolzmann Method (LBM) and discussed to obtain the fiber pitch range of the optimal permeability. The results show that the mean fiber pitch of SGL-24BA is 2.40° and the individual values are all less than 6°, also, the permeability of the through-plane direction increases gradually as the range of fiber pitch increases, which can be used for the structural design of carbon paper GDL.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Fiber Orientation on Stochastic Reconstruction and Permeability of a Carbon Paper Gas Diffusion Layer

Gao

Jin

et al. 2019

Energies

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“…The image processing algorithm was described elsewhere. 29 First, the xy position of each SEM image was properly aligned to correct for image drifting. Subsequently, a representative region of the CL structure was selected and the images were cropped to 1 μm × 1 μm.…”

Section: Sem Image Processing and CL Reconstruction-matlab Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic Analysis and Modeling of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Unsupported Catalyst Layers

Ishikawa¹,

Henning²,

Herranz³

et al. 2018

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Polymer electrolyte fuel cells' (PEFCs) widespread commercialization is hindered by the devices' limited durability, in terms caused by the corrosion of the carbon support used in the Pt-based PEFC catalysts. Using unsupported electrocatalysts could mitigate such durability issues, but little is known regarding the manner in which their processing into catalyst layers (CLs) affects pore size distribution (PSD) and PEFC performance. Thus, we have used a computational model to investigate the modes of agglomerate packing in CLs made from unsupported Pt 3 Ni nanochain ensembles (aerogels) or Pt black, and complemented this analysis with focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy tomography of corresponding real CLs. 3D structures, PSDs and tortuosities were obtained for real and computed CLs and were found to be in good agreement. The Pt black CL mainly exhibits large and straight pores (>100 nm wide), while the Pt 3 Ni aerogel CL mostly features small and twisted pores (< 100 nm wide) that cause the significantly poorer O 2 mass transport (vs. Pt black) observed in PEFC experiments. Moreover, this modeling approach leads to key insights on the working principle of a filler material used for positively shifting the average PSD and improving the PEFC performance of the Pt 3 Ni CL.

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“…4,8 The GDC is usually composed of three layers, that is, a diffusion layer, a current collector layer, and a catalyst layer. 9 Because of high specic surface area and porosity of the diffusion layer, oxygen gas can efficiently pass through the diffusion layer and reach the interface between the catalyst layer and electrolyte, resulting in low energy consumption and high production of H 2 O 2 . Therefore, the pore structure of the diffusion layer plays an important role in oxygen transfer, which has been studied for the fuel cells.…”

Section: 8mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the pore structure of the diffusion layer plays an important role in oxygen transfer, which has been studied for the fuel cells. 4,9 Because of low costs, carbon black and polytetrauoroethylene (PTFE) have been commonly used as the raw materials to make the diffusion layer.…”

Section: 8mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of an improved gas diffusion cathode on carbamazepine removal using the electro-Fenton process

Wang

Luo

et al. 2017

RSC Adv.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the diffusion layer of a gas diffusion cathode (GDC) on H 2 O 2 production to enhance carbamazepine removal using the electro-Fenton process. The diffusion layer was made by carbon black and polytetrafluoroethylene with sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) as a pore former. Different ratios of Na 2 SO 4 to carbon black (w/w) (i.e., 0%, 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200%) in the diffusion layer were tested. With an increase of the ratio, the average pore size in the diffusion layer and the electro-activity in the GDC increased simultaneously, which resulted in a higher mass transfer coefficient ), mainly attributable to the diffusion layer modified by the pore former, which accelerated oxygen transfer and boosted H 2 O 2 production. The results from this study should be useful to remove carbamazepine from wastewater treatment using the electro-Fenton (EF) process with improvement of pore structure in the diffusion layer of GDC.

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Theoretical examination of effective oxygen diffusion coefficient and electrical conductivity of polymer electrolyte fuel cell porous components

Cited by 110 publications

References 28 publications

The Effect of Fiber Orientation on Stochastic Reconstruction and Permeability of a Carbon Paper Gas Diffusion Layer

The Effect of Fiber Orientation on Stochastic Reconstruction and Permeability of a Carbon Paper Gas Diffusion Layer

Tomographic Analysis and Modeling of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Unsupported Catalyst Layers

Effect of an improved gas diffusion cathode on carbamazepine removal using the electro-Fenton process

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