Theoretical and Experimental Insights of Benzimidazole Catalyzed by the Epoxy–Acrylic Acid Reaction

Asif, Muhammad; Fazal-ur-Rehman, .; Abrar, Shazia; Hameed, Arruje; Idrees, Nazeran; Saif, Muhammad Jawwad

doi:10.3390/molecules27227900

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Molecules

2022

DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227900

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Theoretical and Experimental Insights of Benzimidazole Catalyzed by the Epoxy–Acrylic Acid Reaction

Muhammad Asif

. Fazal-ur-Rehman

Shazia Abrar

et al.

Abstract: This study focuses on the experimental and molecular-level investigation of epoxy acrylate formation. Epoxy acrylate vinyl ester resin was prepared by a reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A-based epoxy resin and acrylic acid, using benzimidazole as a catalyst. It was confirmed that benzimidazole can effectively catalyze this reaction. FTIR analysis of the product revealed a simple addition esterification reaction between the epoxide group and carboxylic group of acrylic acid excluding the side reactions… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Fabrication and property characterization of biocomposite based on polyamide 11 and AP1 green ramie fiber modified with epoxy

Thang,

Huynh,

Trung

et al. 2024

Vietnam Journal of Chemistry

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In this article, Vietnam ramie fiber from Moc Chau, Son La province was chosen as a reinforcement for polyamide 11 (PA11) to prepare full–biocomposites. To enhance the compatibility and adhesion with the matrix, the original ramie fiber (oRF) was treated with Ca(OH)2 solution (tRF) and then modified by epoxy (mRF). Properties and structure of these fibers were characterized by tensile test, chemical composition, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The obtained results showed the removal of hemicellulose and lignin after treatment improved the morphology and mechanical properties of the fiber. Rheology in melting state indicated the increase in the torque of PA11 matrix by adding tRF and mRF. The improvement in mechanical properties was observed for both PA11/tRF and PA11/mRF composites. After modification, epoxy on the fiber surface enhanced the adhesion and compatibility with the matrix. This led to a strong increase in Young's modulus, tensile strength and flexural strength of about 37%, 57%, and 33%, respectively. tRF and mRF also improved thermal stability of the composite as shown in TGA and DSC analysis. Finally, mRF showed a better compatibility with PA11 than tRF by observation of SEM images.

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Fabrication and property characterization of biocomposite based on polyamide 11 and AP1 green ramie fiber modified with epoxy

Thang,

Huynh,

Trung

et al. 2024

Vietnam Journal of Chemistry

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High-Adhesion Epoxy-Based Solder Resist Dry Film for Integrated Circuits Enhanced by 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic Acid

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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The increasing demand for high performance and miniaturization of electronic devices creates an urgent need for solder resist materials with excellent comprehensive properties. We report a photothermal dual-curable solder resist dry film (SRF) material. The preparation method and performance characteristics of epoxy-based SRF modified with acrylic acid, 2,2-bis-(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (DMPA), and cis-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride were systematically studied and also compared with the commercially available product. With the introduction of DMPA, SRF-2 exhibits excellent adhesion, and the peel strength between SRF-2 and copper increased from 0.33 to 0.45 N/mm, a 36% increase; this improvement was achieved by introducing a certain proportion of hydroxyl groups into the epoxy resin molecular chain. Additionally, its dielectric constant decreased from 3.73 to 3.38 and the room-temperature modulus increased from 5.1 to 5.4 GPa. Moreover, SRF-2 exhibits excellent thermal stability, hydrophobicity, and photolithographic performance, indicating potential application prospects in integrated circuits.

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The Beneficial Effects of Geniposide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Review

Gao¹,

Feng²

2022

DDDT

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Geniposide is a naturally sourced active ingredient that has diverse pharmacological effects and great potential in improving or treating different kinds of diseases. In recent years, more and more studies have confirmed that geniposide can improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorder, which is an increasingly prevalent health problem causing various metabolic diseases globally. Our review aims to summarize basic information on the pharmacological effects of geniposide on glucolipid metabolism. Geniposide increases glucose utilization and insulin production, protects pancreatic islet β cells, inhibits insulin resistance and hepatic glucose production, and suppresses gluconeogenesis. While in the aspect of lipid metabolism, geniposide can promote lipolysis, inhibit lipogenesis, and regulate lipid transport. Geniposide ameliorates lipid and glucose metabolic disorders, improving the entire glycolipid metabolism network in a three-dimensional manner at the level of molecular mechanism. Growing evidence revealed that geniposide may serve as an effective drug to combat metabolic diseases for the time to come.

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Theoretical and Experimental Insights of Benzimidazole Catalyzed by the Epoxy–Acrylic Acid Reaction

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

Fabrication and property characterization of biocomposite based on polyamide 11 and AP1 green ramie fiber modified with epoxy

Fabrication and property characterization of biocomposite based on polyamide 11 and AP1 green ramie fiber modified with epoxy

High-Adhesion Epoxy-Based Solder Resist Dry Film for Integrated Circuits Enhanced by 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic Acid

The Beneficial Effects of Geniposide on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Review

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