Theological Review for Tambak Development of Batak Toba Community

Abstract

Building and moving ponds or ancestral graves in the Toba Batak community, who have become Christians, is still practised today. The practice of building ponds is, of course, contrary to God's word, for that it needs to be responded to theologically and is the goal of this research. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method by reviewing the literature related to the research topic and reporting the findings in a description. The study results are as follows: First, building a pond with the motivation of asking for blessings from the ancestors is an act of sin. The gift of both physical and spiritual life comes from God and not the spirits of the ancestors. Second, moving and caring for ponds is wrong to prevent sickness and family quarrels because Christ bore all curses and diseases on the cross. Third, building a pond as a tribute to parents is wrong. The fifth commandment in Exodus 20:12 concerns respect for parents. It cannot be opposed to supporting the practice of building ponds. The substance of this verse is not only related to relations between humans but concerns God's blessing for His people to glorify God, the Creator, not ancestral spirits.

Contextual Mission Construction according to the Jubata Concept in the Kanayatn Dayak Tribe in Introducing the Triune God

“…This concept of God has similarities with Hinduism beliefs such as myths deal with events in the universe that show the relationship between humans and living things, objects, and the natural environment around them. This kind of beliefs also can be seen in many tribes in Indonesia, for example in the Batak Toba community, there is a local traditions such as building "Tambak" which is a monument or object to worship their ancestors spirit that symbolize human relation (Sitorus, Tanhidy, & Guild, 2021). Mostly in Dayak community, these beliefs handed down from ancestors as a local traditions and beliefs combine with world traditions (new religions: beliefs brought by immigrants) that is Christianity, particulary through education that have greatly influenced the Dayak mindsets about the concept of God.…”

Mengklarifikasi Istilah“Jumat Agung”Menurut Kajian Tipologi Berdasarkan Keluaran 12:1-42

“…Ayat-ayat Tipologi dapat dijelaskan dalam tabel 1 berikut: "tambak" (bangunan kubur leluhur orang Batak) yang sudah turuntemurun dilakukan (Sitorus et al, 2021). Demikian pula yang terjadi dengan pelaksanaan Paskah subuh di kuburan dalam tradisi Gereja Kalimantan Evangelis (GKE) dan yang sepenuhnya hanya merayakan kebangkitan Kristus (Rusni, 2016).…”