The Zonal Dipole Pattern of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Indian Ocean Influenced by the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

Yuan, Junpeng; Gao, Yong; Feng, Dian; Yang, Y.

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-19-0042.1

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In contrast, an obvious descending branch of the Walker circulation appears in the AS, which inhibits water transport in the upward direction and is unfavorable for TCG. The related processes have been reported in previous studies [12,24].…”

Section: Quantitative Analysis Of the Environmental Factors For Gpisupporting

confidence: 72%

“…resulting in different contributions from humidity [24]. Based on this comprehensive analysis of the change in GPI, the BOB has conditions that are more favorable to TCG.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where an overbar represents the annual average. This method shows good performance when decomposing the relative contributions of each large-scale factor to TCG in both the BOB and AS [12,24]. Thus, we also use this approach in the present study to quantitatively assess the contributions of each environmental factor to the variation of TCG.…”

Section: Genesis Potential Indexmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…These differences in atmospheric and oceanic conditions may lead to significant differences in TC activity between the BOB and AS. Recently, Yuan et al (2019) [24] studied the interannual variability of TCG activity in the entire Indian Ocean basin. The results showed that the dominant mode of Indian Ocean TCG in September-November shows a distinct east-west zonal dipole pattern, indicating that the TCG in the BOB and AS basins vary in an opposite manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seasonal Variation of Tropical Cyclone Genesis and the Related Large-Scale Environments: Comparison between the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea Sub-Basins

Duan¹,

Yuan

Xu³

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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Using tropical cyclone data along with sea surface temperature data (SST) and atmospheric circulation reanalysis data during the period of 1980–2019, the seasonal variation of tropical cyclone genesis (TCG), and the related oceanic and atmospheric environments over the Arabian Sea (AS) and Bay of Bengal (BOB) are compared and analyzed in detail. The results show that TCG in both the BOB and AS present bimodal seasonal variations, with two peak periods in the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon season, respectively. The frequencies of TCG in the BOB and AS are comparatively similar in the pre-monsoon season but significantly different in the post-monsoon season. During the post-monsoon season of October–November, the TCG frequency in the BOB is approximately 2.3 times higher than that of the AS. The vertical wind shear and relative humidity in the low- and middle-level troposphere are the two major contributing factors for TCG, and the combination of these two factors determines the bimodal seasonal cycle of TCG in both the AS and BOB. In the pre-monsoon season, an increase in the positive contribution of vertical wind shear and a decrease in the negative contribution of relative humidity are collaboratively favorable for TCG in the AS and BOB. During the monsoon season, the relative humidity factor shows a significant and positive contribution to TCG, but its positive effect is offset by the strong negative effect of vertical wind shear and potential intensity, thus resulting in very low TCG in the AS and BOB. However, the specific relative contributions of each environmental factor to the TCG variations in the AS and BOB basins are quite different, especially in the post-monsoon season. In the post-monsoon season, the primary positive contributor to TCG in the AS basin is vertical wind shear, while the combined effect of vertical wind shear and relative humidity dominates in the BOB TCG. From the analysis of environmental factors, atmospheric circulations, and genesis potential index (GPI), the BOB is found to have more favorable TCG conditions than the AS, especially in the post-monsoon season.

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Section: Quantitative Analysis Of the Environmental Factors For Gpisupporting

confidence: 72%

“…resulting in different contributions from humidity [24]. Based on this comprehensive analysis of the change in GPI, the BOB has conditions that are more favorable to TCG.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genesis Potential Indexmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Seasonal Variation of Tropical Cyclone Genesis and the Related Large-Scale Environments: Comparison between the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea Sub-Basins

Duan¹,

Yuan

Xu³

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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“…Previous studies have also shown that SST affects the distribution of environmental factors through the Walker circulation [48,49]. In addition to the SST anomaly in the Pacific, the SST anomaly in the Indian Ocean can also affect TC frequency over the WNP basin by means of modulating the monsoon circulation and the equatorial Kelvin wave activity [50][51][52]. Thus, the extremely high TC frequency in November 2019 may be associated with the atmospheric circulation in response to the tropics-wide SST change.…”

Section: The Role Of Regional Sst Changes In Promoting Tc Genesis In ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Large-Scale Environment on the Extremely Active Tropical Cyclone Activity in November 2019 over the Western North Pacific

Shi

Wang

et al. 2021

Atmosphere

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In November 2019, tropical cyclone (TC) frequency over the western North Pacific reached its record high. In this study, the possible causes and formation mechanisms of that record high TC frequency are investigated by analyzing the effect of large-scale environmental factors. A comparison between the extremely active TC years and extremely inactive TC years is performed to show the importance of the large-scale environment. The contributions of several dynamic and thermodynamic environmental factors are examined on the basis of two genesis potential indexes and the box difference index that can measure the relative contributions of large-scale environmental factors to the change in TC genesis frequency. Results indicate that dynamical factors played a more important role in TC genesis in November 2019 than thermodynamic factors. The main contributions were from enhanced low-level vorticity and strong upward motion accompanied by positive anomalies in local sea surface temperature, while the minor contribution was from changes in vertical wind shear. Changes in these large-scale environmental factors are possibly related to sea surface temperature anomalies over the Pacific (e.g., strong Pacific meridional mode).

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Moisture source identification for precipitation associated with tropical cyclone development over the Indian Ocean: a Lagrangian approach

et al. 2022

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In this study, we investigated the moisture sources for precipitation through a Lagrangian approach during the genesis, intensification, and dissipation phases of all tropical cyclones (TCs) that occurred over the two hemispheric sub-basins of the Indian Ocean (IO) from 1980 to 2018. In the North IO (NIO), TCs formed and reached their maximum intensity on both sides of the Indian Peninsula, to the east in the Bay of Bengal (BoB), and to the west in the Arabian Sea (AS). The oceanic areas where TCs occurred were their main moisture sources for precipitation associated with TCs. Additionally, for TCs over the BoB, continental sources from the Ganges River basin and the South China Sea also played a notable role; for TCs over the AS, the Somali Low-Level jet (along the African coast in a northerly direction) also acted as an essential moisture transport. In the South IO (SIO), the western, central, and eastern basins were identified as the preferred areas for the genesis and development of TCs. During TC activity, the central IO and the Wharton and Perth basins mostly supplied atmospheric moisture. The Mascarene High circulation was the main moisture transport mechanism for the precipitation of TCs formed in the SIO basin. In both basins, during their intensification process, TCs gained more moisture (even more intensely when reaching the hurricane category) than during the genesis or dissipation stages. Additionally, the modulation during monsoonal seasons of the moisture contribution to the TCs was more noticeable over the NIO basin than for the SIO. Overall, the moisture uptake for precipitation from the sources for TCs occurred slightly faster in the NIO basin than in the SIO basin.

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The Zonal Dipole Pattern of Tropical Cyclone Genesis in the Indian Ocean Influenced by the Tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Seasonal Variation of Tropical Cyclone Genesis and the Related Large-Scale Environments: Comparison between the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea Sub-Basins

Seasonal Variation of Tropical Cyclone Genesis and the Related Large-Scale Environments: Comparison between the Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea Sub-Basins

The Influence of Large-Scale Environment on the Extremely Active Tropical Cyclone Activity in November 2019 over the Western North Pacific

Moisture source identification for precipitation associated with tropical cyclone development over the Indian Ocean: a Lagrangian approach

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