The Yorkshire Dales karst

Waltham, A. C.; Simms, Michael J.; Farrant, A. R.; Goldie, H. S.

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-0085-1_2

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Bridgland et al (2014) have thus inferred up to 160 m of uplift in this region since the Early Pleistocene, with an estimated maximum of >400 m since the Mid-Pliocene. Uplift at similar rates (~0.15-0.2 mm a -1 ) is also evident in the Yorkshire Dales karst (i.e., in the Central Pennines) and persists farther north into the North Pennines and North Sea coastal region of County Durham (Westaway, 2009cWaltham and Long, 2011;Waltham, 2012), where a corresponding rate is indicated by the height of the MIS 7 Easington raised beach (Davies et al, 2009). It can be presumed that similar uplift rates also pertain in the South Pennines, including the Dark Peak uplands of the northern Peak District, although the absence of any suitable evidence (this region has neither karst nor long-timescale fluvial sequences) means that this is not at present firmly established.…”

Section: Discussion; Lateral Variations In Uplift Rates and Crustal Pmentioning

confidence: 87%

The use of uplift modelling in the reconstruction of drainage development and landscape evolution in the repeatedly glaciated Trent catchment, English Midlands, UK

Westaway

Bridgland

White

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. AbstractThe Trent Valley Palaeolithic Project has recently investigated the Quaternary evolution of the River Trent, the northernmost river system in western Europe with a documented long-timescale terrace staircase. The uppermost and lowermost reaches of the Trent, which drains the English Midlands, were glaciated during Marine oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 2, but older fluvial terraces dating back to MIS 8 are preserved in the remainder of the catchment, delineating the former course through the Lincoln Gap and across the Fen Basin (the modern course to the Humber estuary dating only from the latest Pleistocene). Numerical modelling enables lateral variations in uplift across the catchment to be deduced from differences in height of these fluvial terraces above the modern valley floor. Uplift rates thus indicated over the last two climate cycles attain values of 0.08 mm a 1 around Nottingham and Derby in the middle reach of the Trent, but are significantly lower elsewhere in the catchment; these variations are shown to relate to lateral variations in crustal properties, primarily variations in radioactive heat production in the underlying continental crust. Glaciation during the late Middle Pleistocene (MIS 8) caused significant changes to the Trent catchment, including the integration of the modern Upper Trent with the rest of the system. Older sedimentary evidence is much more fragmentary, but is used along with the results of the uplift modelling to reconstruct the earlier drainage. It is thus inferred that between the Anglian (MIS 12) and Wragby (MIS 8) glaciations the Trent already flowed into the Fen Basin via the Lincoln Gap, but the smaller-than-present catchment, indicated by gravel lithology, resulted in a much steeper longitudinal gradient, such that during interglacials (MIS 11 and 9) an elongated estuary would have developed, extending inland almost to the present location of Newark. Prior to the Anglian, much of the modern Trent catchment, including the rivers Derwent and Dove, drained into the former Bytham River. The modern Middle Trent catchment downstream of Nottingham was drained by a relatively small 'Ancaster Trent' river, which flowed above the Ancaster Gap; analysis of gravel lithology suggests that it probably joined the Bytham in the area that now forms the Fen Basin.

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Section: Discussion; Lateral Variations In Uplift Rates and Crustal Pmentioning

confidence: 87%

The use of uplift modelling in the reconstruction of drainage development and landscape evolution in the repeatedly glaciated Trent catchment, English Midlands, UK

Westaway

Bridgland

White

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

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“…There has been a long debate as to the age of formation of karst features in northern England (e.g. Sweeting 1972;Goldie 1996Goldie , 2006 with larger examples, such as dolines (100s of metres scale), being regarded as pre-Devensian (Goldie, 2006;Waltham, 2013). In contrast, Goldie (2006) and Marker & Goldie (2007) noted that the smaller sinkholes (10s of metres scale) might be attributed to post-glacial (MIS 1) dissolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Little is known of the nature and age of diamicton often found within sinkholes, and the timing of solution widening of fissures and hollows remains debatable. For example, Waltham (2013) believed the process of fissure widening pre-dates the Devensian, with sinkhole fill being of Devensian age. Clayton (1981) suggested that deepening of hollows beneath the drift may have occurred by subsoil dissolution during interglacial periods which clearly associates both fissure development and placement of some of the infill within a pre-Devensian period of time, for example the Ipswichian (Eemian) interglacial stage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glaciokarst landscapes have been widely reported globally (Veress, Telbisz, et al, 2019) and are prominent across the limestone terrains of northern England (Waltham & Lowe, 2013), where karst surfaces have been influenced, to a greater or lesser extent, by the action of glacial ice and meltwater primarily during the Dimlington Stadial of the Devensian glaciation (~28–15 ka; Rose, 1985; Scourse et al, 2009; Chiverrell & Thomas, 2010; Davies et al, 2019). As well as bare limestone landforms such as pavements, thin layers of drift (glacigenic diamicton/till or loess lenses in hollows) are widely distributed over the karst surfaces (Waltham, 2013). Drift often overlies and plugs solution‐widened vertical fissures and cone‐shaped depressions in the limestone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Late Wolstonian and Ipswichian (MIS 6/5e) sediment fill in a limestone sinkhole, Askham Fell, northern England

Carling,

Evans,

Abbas

et al. 2023

J Quaternary Science

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In 2019 a sinkhole (doline) occurred in Late Devensian till above fissured limestone in northern England. Most sediment plugging the fissure was evacuated down into a karstic drainage system. The residual sedimentary fill comprises three main lithofacies, dated using optically stimulated luminescence to between 170.7 ± 40.0 and 56.1 ± 13.5 ka. The earliest date demonstrates fissures were present in the limestone pavement at the time of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 6, or shortly thereafter. The fissure filled with fine sand and silt due to surface runoff and aeolian processes probably at the MIS 6 to MIS 5e transition after Wolstonian glacial ice had retreated. The deposits then collapsed into the karst system. Further fine sand and silt deposition occurred during MIS 3; this deposit filled the central cavity surrounded by residual MIS 6/5e deposits. The sequence was capped by till as Late Devensian (MIS 2) ice transgressed the area. Solution fissures in the karst surfaces of northern England may pre‐date the Late Devensian glaciation. Moreover, fissures are repositories of pre‐Devensian sediment deposits which survived the Late Devensian glaciation and the Ipswichian interglacial. Such sites should provide information on the nature and timing of pre‐Devensian glacial–interglacial events and shed light on basal ice conditions and glaciokarst drainage behaviour.

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“…Calcareous cements provide minimum ages for sediment deposition. Although U-series dating has been used previously in the Yorkshire Dales, its application has been restricted to stalagmite and flowstone deposits in subterranean cave systems (Gascoyne et al, 1983;Waltham, 1983;Baker et al, 1996). The heights of all radiometrically dated samples were linked by EDM survey to Ordnance Datum.…”

Section: Methodological Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holocene river development and environmental change in Upper Wharfedale, Yorkshire Dales, England

2000

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The Yorkshire Dales karst

Cited by 6 publications

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The use of uplift modelling in the reconstruction of drainage development and landscape evolution in the repeatedly glaciated Trent catchment, English Midlands, UK

The use of uplift modelling in the reconstruction of drainage development and landscape evolution in the repeatedly glaciated Trent catchment, English Midlands, UK

Late Wolstonian and Ipswichian (MIS 6/5e) sediment fill in a limestone sinkhole, Askham Fell, northern England

Holocene river development and environmental change in Upper Wharfedale, Yorkshire Dales, England

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