“…The results confirm that oral communication skills are considered essential by employers of accounting professionals because new accountants spend an average of six hours per week communicating orally with colleagues, clients, and superiors (Gray, 2010). And the results are in agreement that written communication is critical particularly, grammar, punctuation, spelling, and language clarity (Riley & Simons, 2016), given the roles of accountants who write reports to explain how money was budgeted and expended. Dale-Jones et al (2013) concurred, quoting the International Accounting Education Standards Board, IES 3, which stated: "Professional accountants are expected to be able to present, discuss, report and defend views effectively through formal, informal, written and spoken communication" (IFAC, 2014, p. 5).…”