The worst combinations of child abuse and neglect

Ney, Philip G.; Fung, Tak; Wickett, Adele Rose

doi:10.1016/0145-2134(94)00037-9

Cited by 236 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The present investigation extends fi ndings from studies of "multi-type" abuse with non-Hispanic, Caucasian samples (Briere & Runtz, 1990;Higgins & McCabe, 2000;Moeller et al, 1993;Ney et al, 1994) by suggesting that Latina college students may also commonly experience multiple forms of maltreatment during childhood. In the present study, 29% of participants reported being subjected to two or more forms of maltreatment as children.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Hughes et al (1989) used the term "double whammy" to describe their fi ndings that physically abused children who had also witnessed parental violence showed greater internaliz-ing and externalizing diffi culties than did participants who experienced no maltreatment or those who had only witnessed parental violence. Other researchers have concluded that physical neglect, in conjunction with physical and verbal abuse, is particularly detrimental with regard to children's future outlook, whereas a combination of physical neglect, verbal, and sexual abuse was associated with decreased life enjoyment (Ney, Fung, & Wickett, 1994).…”

Section: Potential Impact Of Multiple Abuse Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-occurring forms of child maltreatment and adult adjustment reported by Latina college students

Clemmons

DiLillo

Martinez

et al. 2003

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Objectives: This study had two primary objectives: First, to examine the nature and co-occurrence of various forms of child maltreatment (sexual, physical. emotional, and witnessing violence) reported by Latina college students, and second, to explore coexisting maltreatment types and acculturation status as possible contributors to long-term adjustment diffi culties.Method: Participants were 112 Latina undergraduate students categorized by the number of childhood maltreatment types experienced (0, 1, or 2 or more) and acculturation level (1 to 5). The possible effects of co-occurring forms of maltreatment, in conjunction with acculturation status, were investigated with respect to participants' reported trauma symptomatology. Data were collected using self-report measures.Results: Nearly three out of 10 participants (29% ) experienced more than one type of child maltreatment and, as expected, these individuals reported greater trauma symptomatology than those reporting either a single type of maltreatment or no maltreatment at all. Those who reported multiple types also endured more severe maltreatment than did respondents who experienced a single type. Acculturation level was neither directly related to trauma symptoms nor did it moderate the lasting correlates of maltreatment among victims. Interestingly, those who experienced a single form of maltreatment reported no more trauma symptoms than did participants who reported no maltreatment history at all. Conclusion:This investigation documents a large degree of overlap among various forms of selfreported childhood maltreatment within a Latina college population. The results underscore the need to consider multiple forms of maltreatment, as well as severity, when making inferences regarding potential effects on later functioning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Potential Impact Of Multiple Abuse Typesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-occurring forms of child maltreatment and adult adjustment reported by Latina college students

Clemmons

DiLillo

Martinez

et al. 2003

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…31 We found strong evidence that different types of child abuse co-occur, with nearly three-quarters of the abused reporting two or more types of abuse. The strong co-occurrence of different types of abuse in this and other studies 32 questions the appropriateness of studying only single types of abuse, and of adjusting the effects of individual types for each other.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body weight and obesity in adults and self-reported abuse in childhood

et al. 2002

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BACKGROUND:Little is known about childhood factors and adult obesity. A previous study found a strong association between childhood neglect and obesity in young adults. OBJECTIVE: To estimate associations between self-reported abuse in childhood (sexual, verbal, fear of physical abuse and physical) adult body weight, and risk of obesity. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study with surveys during 1995 -1997. PATIENTS: A total of 13 177 members of California health maintenance organization aged 19 -92 y. MEASUREMENTS: Body weight measured during clinical examination, followed by mailed survey to recall experiences during first 18 y of life. Estimates adjusted for adult demographic factors and health practices, and characteristics of the childhood household. RESULTS: Some 66% of participants reported one or more type of abuse. Physical abuse and verbal abuse were most strongly associated with body weight and obesity. Compared with no physical abuse (55%), being 'often hit and injured' (2.5%) had a 4.0 kg (95% confidence interval: 2.4 -5.6 kg) higher weight and a 1.4 (1.2 -1.6) relative risk (RR) of body mass index (BMI) 30. Compared with no verbal abuse (53%), being 'often verbally abused' (9.5%) had an RR of 1.9 (1.3 -2.7) for BMI 40. The abuse associations were not mutually independent, however, because the abuse types strongly co-occurred. Obesity risk increased with number and severity of each type of abuse. The population attributable fraction for 'any mention' of abuse (67%) was 8% (3.4 -12.3%) for BMI 30 and 17.3% ( 7 1.0 -32.4%) for BMI 40. CONCLUSIONS: Abuse in childhood is associated with adult obesity. If causal, preventing child abuse may modestly decrease adult obesity. Treatment of obese adults abused as children may benefit from identification of mechanisms that lead to maintenance of adult obesity.

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“…However, others argue that such a distinction may be slightly misleading because the reality tells us that often there are no strong lines of demarcation between the different abuse subtypes, and that abuse subtypes seldom occur in isolation. The existing evidence shows that the majority of individuals with history of maltreatment report exposure to two or more subtypes (Arata, Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Bowers, and O'Farrill-Swails, 2005;Higgins and McCabe, 2000;Ney, Fung, and Wickett, 1994). In addition, some acts of violence against children involve multiple maltreatment subtypes.…”

Section: Other Forms Of Child Abusementioning

confidence: 99%