The Cultural Reinforcers of Child Abuse

Al-Shail, Essam; Hassan, Ahmed; Al-Dowaish, Abdullah; Kattan, Hoda

doi:10.5772/50693

Cited by 15 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This can impact recognition of CAN and lead to either over or under detection. It is well documented that culture and traditions designate a more suitable definition of CAN for each population [13] . However, Arab societies have been more acceptable of certain corporal punishments that is considered a form of CAN in other parts of the world [14] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child maltreatment between knowledge, attitude and beliefs among Saudi pediatricians, pediatric residency trainees and medical students

Alnasser

Albijadi

Abdullah

et al. 2017

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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BackgroundChild maltreatment is not included in Saudi medical schools and pediatric residency curriculums, which might limit knowledge and spread misconceptions. Additionally, physicians might have different attitudes regarding reporting child abuse and neglect. In this study, we hypothesize that medical students and pediatric trainees have limited knowledge, oblivious attitude and misbeliefs regarding child maltreatment in comparison to experienced pediatricians. But, medical students and trainees might hold higher motives and willingness to learn about child maltreatment and their consequences.MethodsA self reported questionnaire was distributed after a pilot study to include pediatricians, pediatrics trainees and medical students in all main areas of pediatrics services: pediatrics wards, pediatrics outpatient clinics, critical care and pediatrics emergency.ResultsIn disregard to their level of training, medical students and physicians believed that child maltreatment happens within the kingdom and is common. They were familiar with the child maltreatment definition, although only one third thought it is subject to culture sensitivity. However, experienced physicians were more knowledgeable especially about neglect. Moreover, female participants were more likely to report despite being more skeptical of readiness of Saudi law system to deal with cases of maltreatment. In general, knowledge about reporting was clearly deficit at all levels. Fortunately, all participants requested and were enthusiastic to receive further training.ConclusionSaudi medical students, pediatrics trainees and pediatricians have good basic knowledge, positive attitude and willingness to learn more to provide a safe environment for children in Saudi Arabia. However, knowledge in regards to reporting child maltreatment is a major observed defect. Still, further education and training are needed to combat CAN in Saudi Arabia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child maltreatment between knowledge, attitude and beliefs among Saudi pediatricians, pediatric residency trainees and medical students

Alnasser

Albijadi

Abdullah

et al. 2017

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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“…Child maltreatment encompasses the following types of child abuse: physical abuse, as defined as nonaccidental or intentional use of physical force (i.e. shoving, kicking) that results or may result in harm to the child (Al-Shail, Hassan, Aldowaish, & Kattan, 2012); sexual abuse defined as any sexual act or intent by an adult or by another child substantially older than the minor victim, ranging from fondling to rape, noncontact abuse such as voyeurism, exhibitionism or unwanted sexual comments, sexual exploitation, or any other form of assault of sexual nature (Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi, & Lozano, 2002); psychological maltreatment (often termed emotional abuse) defined as verbal and nonverbal degrading, terrorizing, exploiting, corrupting, ignoring, isolating; as well as hostility, rejection, and the prevention of needed stimuli and/or the denial of emotional responsiveness (Glaser, 2011); and neglect defined as the caretaker's failure to provide for the child's basic developmental needs (e.g. food, shelter, healthcare, safety) (Gilbert et al, 2009;Stoltenborgh, Bakermans-Kranenburg, Alink, & van IJzendoorn, 2012), despite the caregiver's ability to do so (DePanfilis, 2006).Child maltreatment is a risk factor to a diverse range of severe short-and long-term negative consequences across various domains of children's functioning (e.g.…”

Section: Definitions Forms Of Child Maltreatment and Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parents’ and children’s perceptions of child maltreatment

Lev–Wiesel¹,

Massrawa

Binson

2019

Journal of Social Work

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Summary Child maltreatment is under-reported despite its high prevalence. It ranges from one-third to one-half lifetime exposure to violence. This points out to the issue of laypersons’ perceptions of what is child maltreatment and at what severity should it be reported. The current study sought to examine children and youth versus parents’ perceptions of child maltreatment. Following ethical approval, 259 children and youth between the ages 9 and 14 and 229 parents were administered anonymous questionnaire that included demographics and The Perception of Child Maltreatment Severity Scale. Statistically significant differences between children and youth, and adults in perception of child maltreatment in general were observed. Findings Results indicated that the groups differ in the severity attributed to emotional abuse and sexual abuse. In addition, unlike parents, children and youth perceived exposure of embarrassing photos via Internet and silent treatment by peers to be severe whereas parents perceived sexual molestation to be most severe behavior. Applications The study findings were discussed in light of the cultural gap between children and parents. Practically, the gap between parents’ and children’s perceptions of child maltreatment indicates the need for parents and professionals to look beyond their own perceptions and be alert to experiences of victimization a young person may have. This might assist professionals in developing an intervention program to increase children’s awareness of violent behaviors and decrease the gap between generations in terms of the perceptions gap.

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“…This term is defined as the non-accidental or intentional use of physical force that results in harm, or has a high likelihood of resulting in harm, to the child (Al-Shail et al 2012). This definition generally encompasses a large variety of types and degrees of physical force, such as: shoving, hitting, slapping, shaking, throwing, punching, biting, burning or kicking (Butchart and Harvey 2006;Krug et al 2002); excluding spanking as a form of corporal punishment (Finkelhor et al 2005).…”

Section: Scientific Background Definitions and Types Of Child Maltreamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Child Maltreatment in Israel: A National Epidemiological Study

Lev–Wiesel

Eisikovits

First

et al. 2016

Journ Child Adol Trauma

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The current study is based on data collected from Jewish and Arab 6th, 8th and 10th grade students (age range 12-17) within the Israeli national school system (N = 12,035). Data collection for the study utilized two complementary instruments: the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (JVQ). Study results revealed that the lifetime prevalence of child maltreatment in contemporary Israeli society is within the range of estimates from other countries. However, contrary to others, Israeli boys reported higher rates of abuse, including sexual abuse, compared to girls. Additionally, Arab compared to Jewish children and youth reported higher rates of all types of abuse. The need for widely accepted, uniform definitions of the various child maltreatment types, a standardized methodology of data collection, and regularly updated national and international data bases is discussed.

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The Cultural Reinforcers of Child Abuse

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Child maltreatment between knowledge, attitude and beliefs among Saudi pediatricians, pediatric residency trainees and medical students

Child maltreatment between knowledge, attitude and beliefs among Saudi pediatricians, pediatric residency trainees and medical students

Parents’ and children’s perceptions of child maltreatment

Prevalence of Child Maltreatment in Israel: A National Epidemiological Study

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