The Worldwide Gene Pools of Gossypium arboreum L. and G. herbaceum L., and Their Improvement

Kulkarni, Venkatesh N.; Khadi, B. M.; Maralappanavar, M. S.; Deshapande, Lalitadas A.; Narayanan, S. S.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-70810-2_4

Cited by 49 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…'Cernuum' and 'indicum' were found most distant (0.094). Evolutionary studies indicate 'Cernuum' to have evolved independently in the Assam hills of North-East India and Chittagang hills of Bangladesh (Kulkarni et al 2009). However, during the present investigation, cernuum did not appear as independent group but exhibited remarkable similarities with bengalense and burmanicum, together forming one main cluster in the dendrogram while the rest three formed another main cluster (Fig.…”

Section: Microsatellite Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spinnable fibers are obtained from two allotetraploid (G. hirsutum and G. barbedense) and two diploid (G. herbaceum and G. arboreum) species. Presently, tetraploid cotton (dominantly G. hirsutum) occupies a major fraction (>90 %) of world cotton cultivation because of superior fiber quality and has achieved the status of primary cotton; diploid species being cultivated only in traditional cotton growing areas of India, Pakistan, China, Bangladesh and Iran (Kulkarni et al 2009). Efforts to further improve the plant and fiber traits of primary cotton face the constraints of narrow genetic base due to continuous selective breeding and selection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A huge collection of G. arboreum germplasm is maintained at different centres worldwide (Kulkarni et al 2009). Domestication of G. arboreum initiated during Indus valley civilization (3300-1300 BCE) (Hutchinson 1954) and from there it spread to different direction worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing genetic diversity among six populations of Gossypium arboreum L. using microsatellites markers

Sethi

Siwach

Verma

2015

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Among the four cultivated cotton species, G. hirsutum (allotetraploid) presently holds a primary place in cultivation. Efforts to further improve this primary cotton face the constraints of its narrow genetic base due to repeated selective breeding and hence demands enrichment of diversity in the gene pool. G. arboreum (diploid species) is an invaluable genetic resource with great potential in this direction. Based on the dispersal and domestication in different directions from Indus valley, different races of G. arboreum have evolved, each having certain traits like drought and disease resistance, which the tetraploid cotton lack. Due to lack of systematic, race wise characterization of G. arboreum germplasm, it has not been explored fully. During the present study, 100 polymorphic SSR loci were used to genotype 95 accessions belonging to 6 races of G. arboreum producing 246 polymorphic alleles; mean number of effective alleles was 1.505. AMOVA showed 14 % of molecular variance among population groups, 34 % among individuals and remaining 52 % within individuals. UPGMA dendrogram, based on Nei's genetic distance, distributed the six populations in two major clusters of 3 populations each; race 'bengalense' was found more close to 'cernuum' than the others. The clustering of 95 genotypes by UPGMA tree generation as well as PCoA analysis clustered 'bengalense' genotypes into one group along with some genotypes of 'cernuum', while rest of the genotypes made separate clusters. Outcomes of this research should be helpful in identifying the genotypes for their further utilization in hybridization program to obtain high level of germplasm diversity.

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Section: Microsatellite Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing genetic diversity among six populations of Gossypium arboreum L. using microsatellites markers

Sethi

Siwach

Verma

2015

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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“…Various ecotypes of race 'indicum' have developed to grow successfully in the diverse harsh environmental conditions of Tamil Nadu, Gujrat, Karnatka and Andhra Pradesh. One ecotype (Gharo cotton) of race 'cernuum' is found to yield very big balls and is popularly cultivated in North-Eastern regions of India and adjoining parts of Bangladesh (Kulkarni et al, 2009). …”

Section: Domestication Of G Arboreummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Till the 1950s, a major part of cotton area of Old World (Asia and Africa) was occupied by diploid cultivated cotton (Kulkarni et al, 2009). After that with increase in global trade, American upland cotton and Egyptian/seaisland cotton viz.…”

Section: Present Cultivation Scenario Of G Arboreummentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic improvement of Gossypium arboreum L. using molecular markers: Status and development needs

Sethi¹,

Siwach²,

Verma³

2014

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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The genus Gossypium has 45-50 species, of which only four (two allotetraploids and two diploids) enjoy the status of cultivated cotton. Among the four cultivated ones, Gossypium arboreum holds a special place because of the inherent ability to withstand drought, salinity and remarkable resistance to sucking pests and leaf curl virus. However, the species suffer with poor fiber quality traits, low yield and has certain undesirable plant and boll features. Improvement of fiber quality traits of G. arboreum, without disturbing its unique characteristics, has been a long sought after dream of scientists world over. For conservation, evaluation and documentation of existing accessions, gene banks of diploid cultivated cotton has been established by different countries, of which India holds the highest number of G. arboreum collections. Traditional breeding efforts made to improve fiber quality of G. arboreum have met with limited success due to paucity of polymorphic phenotypic markers and polygenic nature of the desired traits. Genetic engineering approach is highly genotype dependent and much success has not been achieved by this way also. Molecular breeding approach, based on the strength of breeding with high polymorphic nature of molecular markers, has yielded significant results in the improvement of G. arboreum. A number of molecular markers have been developed and used in various cotton improvement programs but dominantly these efforts have been made for the allotetraploid species G. hirsutum. Some efforts have been made for generating fingerprint database of G. arboreum germplasm, though much more efforts are needed in this direction. Linkage maps of G. arboreum have been generated using different markers systems which has enabled the mapping of gene/QTLs of desired traits on the chromosome of G. arboreum. More research inputs need to be devoted to produce consensus and saturated genomic maps, if the aim of 'breeding by design', by retaining suitable features and improving the undesirable ones, is to be realized for G. arboreum.

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Cotton Breeding for Fiber Quality Improvement

Constable

Llewellyn

Walford

et al. 2014

Handbook of Plant Breeding

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The Worldwide Gene Pools of Gossypium arboreum L. and G. herbaceum L., and Their Improvement

Cited by 49 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing genetic diversity among six populations of Gossypium arboreum L. using microsatellites markers

Assessing genetic diversity among six populations of Gossypium arboreum L. using microsatellites markers

Genetic improvement of Gossypium arboreum L. using molecular markers: Status and development needs

Cotton Breeding for Fiber Quality Improvement

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