The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the assessment of frontal function in obsessive-compulsive patients: An event-related potential study

The nature of prospective memory deficit in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

“…OCD patients also displayed a trend of impairment in set-shifting, suggesting that this dysfunction may be related to the deficit in time-based PM in OCD patients. Impairment in set-shifting ability has consistently been documented in OCD patients (Sanz et al, 2001;Abramovitch et al, 2013), which may be reflected in repetitive behaviours clinically and may be considered a core neurocognitive feature of OCD (Chamberlain et al, 2005). In essence, a PM task requires a shift in attention to a secondary task when PM cues appear while processing a primary task.…”

Neuropsychological and Clinical Profiles of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Childhood Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

“…According to factor analysis studies, WCST subscores are collected under the following three factors: the first factor is qualified as perseveration tendency, the second factor is qualified as conceptualization/reasoning, and the third factor has been reported to explain a small portion of variance; no significant correlations are present between the scores in question (31). An increased perseverative reaction number in WCST has been associated with the inability to suppress incorrect response, and this leads to the persistence of maintaining the old installation (32). In the study of Andres et al in which 29 patients with a diagnosis of OCD between the ages of 7 and 18 years with no comorbidity were matched with 22 healthy controls, it was shown that the patients showed significant disruption before treatment in some parameters of WCST (completed category number, error score, perseverations) (15).…”

A meta-analytic review of Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and verbal fluency performance in obsessive-compulsive disorder

“…The WCST is thought to be dependent on cognitive operations that are closely related to shifting cognitive set, such as searching for a new category and consolidating the correct classification category. It has been suggested that deficits on the WCST reflect an inability to inhibit previous incorrect responses, thus leading to perseverations in old cognitive sets (Sanz, Molina, & Calcedo, 2001).…”