Neuropsychological and Clinical Profiles of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Childhood Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Baykal, Saliha; Karabekiroğlu, Koray; Şenses, Ahmet; Karakurt, Melih Nuri; Çalik, Tülay; Yüce, Murat

doi:10.5152/npa.2014.6862

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…The increased level of omission errors in those with OCD only is indicative of a deficit in sustained attention (50). Whilst the higher level of omission errors reported here contrasts with previous work where OCD (in the absence of comorbidities) was associated with a decrease in omission and an increase in commission errors (22), it is in line with studies showing poorer sustained attention in OCD (51,52).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

An Investigation Into Response Inhibition in Distinct Clinical Groups Within Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Koorenhof

Dommett

2019

JNP

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

An Investigation Into Response Inhibition in Distinct Clinical Groups Within Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Koorenhof

Dommett

2019

JNP

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“…Sustained attention has been found to be impaired in ADHD ( Huang-Pollock et al, 2012 , Losier et al, 1996 , Malloy-Diniz et al, 2007 , Mowinckel et al, 2015 , Rubia et al, 2009b , Rubia et al, 2007a , Willcutt et al, 2005 ) and OCD ( Abramovitch et al, 2013 , Baykal et al, 2014 , Benzina et al, 2016 , Bersani et al, 2013 , Morein-Zamir et al, 2010 , Rajender et al, 2011 , Snyder et al, 2015 , Trivedi et al, 2008 ). Both disorders have also been linked to increased spontaneous mind-wandering ( Mowlem et al, 2016 , Seli et al, 2016 , Seli et al, 2015 ), which is proposed to reflect an imbalance between task-positive and default mode networks ( Christakou et al, 2013 , Metin et al, 2015 ), and to underlie poor performance on sustained attention tasks, as attention is focused on internal thoughts, thereby limiting attention resources available for task-relevant processing ( Thomson et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

Norman

Carlisi

Christakou

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

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Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and obsessive/compulsive disorder (OCD) share problems with sustained attention, and are proposed to share deficits in switching between default mode and task positive networks. The aim of this study was to investigate shared and disorder-specific brain activation abnormalities during sustained attention in the two disorders. Twenty boys with ADHD, 20 boys with OCD and 20 age-matched healthy controls aged between 12 and 18 years completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) version of a parametrically modulated sustained attention task with a progressively increasing sustained attention load. Performance and brain activation were compared between groups. Only ADHD patients were impaired in performance. Group by sustained attention load interaction effects showed that OCD patients had disorder-specific middle anterior cingulate underactivation relative to controls and ADHD patients, while ADHD patients showed disorder-specific underactivation in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex/dorsal inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). ADHD and OCD patients shared left insula/ventral IFG underactivation and increased activation in posterior default mode network relative to controls, but had disorder-specific overactivation in anterior default mode regions, in dorsal anterior cingulate for ADHD and in anterior ventromedial prefrontal cortex for OCD. In sum, ADHD and OCD patients showed mostly disorder-specific patterns of brain abnormalities in both task positive salience/ventral attention networks with lateral frontal deficits in ADHD and middle ACC deficits in OCD, as well as in their deactivation patterns in medial frontal DMN regions. The findings suggest that attention performance in the two disorders is underpinned by disorder-specific activation patterns.

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“…Of the 15 studies evaluating IR, four presented a low but clinically significant effect size in comparison to groups with OCD (Andrés et al, 2006(Andrés et al, , 2008Baykal et al, 2014;Taner et al, 2011), although this must be analyzed with caution due to the small sample size. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the effect size found in this meta-analysis was higher than in that by which only reached an effect size close to zero (-0.07).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Meta-analytic Study on Executive Function Performance in Children/Adolescents with OCD

et al. 2022

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Background: The main objective of this work was to carry out a meta-analytical study to examine performance in executive functions in children/adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Method: A comprehensive literature search from 1984 to September 2021 was conducted, selecting a total of 20 published studies comparing executive function outcomes among a group of children and/or adolescents with OCD and a healthy control group. Results: Results showed that the total score on the quality scale of studies ranged between 3 and 8.5 points (on a scale of 0 to 9), with a mean of 6.6. The effect sizes in the different executive functions were as follows: Inhibition (d+ = -0.221), Cognitive flexibility (d+ = -0.418), Decision making (d+ = -0.169) and Planning (d+ = -0.319), indicating a lower performance in the OCD groups compared to the healthy control groups. Results were clinically significant in all domains except decision making. Publication bias could only be carried out in flexibility and response inhibition. Conclusions: OCD patients presented worse executive performance than healthy controls in all functions, highlighting cognitive flexibility and planning. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size. Introducción: El objetivo general de este estudio fue llevar a cabo un estudio meta-analítico con el fin de examinar el rendimiento de las funciones ejecutivas en niños/adolescentes con trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo (TOC). Método: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura desde 1984 hasta septiembre de 2021, seleccionando un total de 20 estudios publicados que comparaban los resultados en funciones ejecutivas entre un grupo de niños y/o adolescentes con TOC y un grupo de control sano. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que la puntuación total en la escala de calidad de los estudios osciló entre los 3 y los 8.5 puntos (en una escala de 0 a 9), con una media de 6.6. Los tamaños del efecto en las distintas funciones ejecutivas fueron: Inhibición (d+ = -0.221), Flexibilidad cognitiva (d+ = -0.418), toma de decisiones (d+ = -0.169) y planificación (d+ = -0.319), indicando un menor rendimiento en los grupos con TOC frente a los grupos de control sano. Los resultados fueron clínicamente significativos en todos los dominios excepto en Toma de decisiones. El sesgo de publicación sólo se pudo llevar a cabo en flexibilidad e inhibición de respuesta. Conclusiones: Los pacientes con TOC presentaron peor rendimiento ejecutivo que los controles sanos en todas las funciones ejecutivas, destacando flexibilidad cognitiva y planificación. No obstante, los resultados deben interpretarse con cautela debido al pequeño tamaño muestral.

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Neuropsychological and Clinical Profiles of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Childhood Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

An Investigation Into Response Inhibition in Distinct Clinical Groups Within Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

An Investigation Into Response Inhibition in Distinct Clinical Groups Within Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Shared and disorder-specific task-positive and default mode network dysfunctions during sustained attention in paediatric Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and obsessive/compulsive disorder

A Meta-analytic Study on Executive Function Performance in Children/Adolescents with OCD

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