The water resistance of corrugated paper improved by lipophilic extractives and lignin in APMP effluent

Dong, Liying; Hui-ren, HU; Cheng, Fei; Yang, Shuo

doi:10.1007/s10086-015-1480-0

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Takaki et al (1997) reported similar beneficial effects of alum in the base sheet when adding a long-chain alkyl derivative of acrylic acid at the size press. Dong et al (2015) achieved a similar sizing enhancement by adding alum directly with fatty acids salts at the size press. A closely related sizing effect was achieved by adding a combination of black liquor and alum at the size press (Han and Cho 2016).…”

Section: Anchoring By Ionic Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…But like the other copolymers considered, it also contains various hydrophilic groups, depending on the source of the lignin and the details of processing. Dong et al (2015) reported the successful hydrophobic sizing of paper by treating the effluent of alkaline peroxide mechanical pulping (APMP) with aluminum sulfate (alum), where the combination is mixed with size-press starch. The hydrophobizing effect was attributed to the lignin, fatty acids, and other extractives of wood.…”

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Surface sizing with natural-based hydrophobic agents has been considered in a minority of reported studies (Dong et al 2015;Han and Cho 2016;Kopacic et al 2018). The cited studies all involved the use of lignin, which bears a rough resemblance to SMA and SA, since it has hydrophobic aromatic groups.…”

Section: Green Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrophobic copolymers added with starch at the size press of a paper machine: A review of findings and likely mechanisms

Dal

Hubbe

2020

BioRes

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This article reviews publications with the goal of understanding the role of hydrophobic copolymers added to size-press starch as a means to make paper products more resistant to penetration by aqueous fluids. The underlying technology is considered, including background related to starch, size-press equipment, and various hydrophobic copolymers and latex products that have been evaluated. The resulting hydrophobization of the paper has been reported to depend not only on the dosage of the hydrophobic additive, but also on its molecular mass and ionic form. The mechanism appears to rely on an ability of starch to serve as a temporary host for hydrophobic compounds in aqueous solution. It has been proposed that hydrophobic copolymers added with size press starch tend to migrate to the air interface during drying of the starch film, thus allowing the low-energy functional groups, such as styrene or alkyl chains, to face outwards. Further research is needed to address various mechanistic questions. There may be opportunities to further raise the performance of this type of technology as practiced within paper production factories.

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Section: Anchoring By Ionic Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Ligninmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrophobic copolymers added with starch at the size press of a paper machine: A review of findings and likely mechanisms

Dal

Hubbe

2020

BioRes

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“…Coatings can improve the corrugated cardboard water barrier and wet performance. Multiple works were done in the literature to improve corrugated cardboard water barrier properties [15][16][17][18][19][20]. The proposed solutions that were typically investigated used pigments and polymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Coatings to Improve the Durability and Water-Barrier Properties of Corrugated Cardboard

et al. 2021

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Recently, corrugated cardboard furniture gained interest from the market, yet is limited to indoor application. With an aim toward outdoor usage, water-barrier improvement of such products must be achieved. In this work, three commercially available coating grades (i.e., polymeric, mineral-filled polymeric, and hybrid silica sol-gel products) were spray-coated on corrugated cardboard using a facile, yet readily transferable, process. The investigation assessed the coating performance from the different drying conditions and natural UV-vis weathering effects, characterising their water absorption, hydrophobicity, coating morphology, and colour change. Results show a reduction in water absorption values (up to −98%) for both the polymeric coatings; instead, the hybrid sol-gel coating showed contact angles up to almost 150°. Generally, the SEM micrographs displayed some surface defects as well as good thickness homogeneity. A perceivable colour change occurred for each sample (CIEDE2000 up to 6.41), mainly occurring in the 0–100 h time range. This work provides promising results for the outdoor application of corrugated cardboard furniture.

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“…On the other hand, reagents were introduced into the adhesive. Dong et al used lignin to combine with Al 3+ , the hydrophilic groups (-OH,-COO-) are combined with the wood fibers by Al 3+ in the surface sizing process, the hydrophobic groups (phenylpropane) can stretch orient to face outwards and form a continuous film layer, which tends to be water repellent [16]. These methods increase the cost and the process is complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of High-Water-Resistance Lignin-Phenol Resin Adhesive with Furfural as a Crosslinking Agent

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2020

Polymers

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In this study, furfural was used as a crosslinking agent to enhance the water resistance of lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resin. The effect of the furfural content on the physicochemical properties of the adhesives was explored, and the possible synthesis mechanism of the furfural-modified lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPFF) resin adhesives was investigated. Compared with the LPF adhesive, the LPFF adhesive with 15% furfural content and 50% lignin substituent exhibited outstanding properties in all considered aspects; it had a high wet shear strength (1.30 MPa), moderate solid content (54.51%), and low viscosity (128 mPa∙s), which were 38.0% higher, 3.6% higher, and 37.5% lower than those of the LPF adhesive. Analyses via nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed that the furfural content improved water resistance of the lignin-based adhesive; this improvement was due to the formation of new chemical bonds between furfural and lignin to construct a dense crosslinked network structure. In addition, the decrease in viscosity and the increase in solid content enabled the adhesive to better penetrate into the wood porous structure, showing stronger adhesion. Therefore, the LPFF adhesive has superior water resistance, high strength, and good thermal stability; thus, it has a great potential for industrial applications.

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The water resistance of corrugated paper improved by lipophilic extractives and lignin in APMP effluent

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Hydrophobic copolymers added with starch at the size press of a paper machine: A review of findings and likely mechanisms

Hydrophobic copolymers added with starch at the size press of a paper machine: A review of findings and likely mechanisms

Evaluation of Coatings to Improve the Durability and Water-Barrier Properties of Corrugated Cardboard

Synthesis of High-Water-Resistance Lignin-Phenol Resin Adhesive with Furfural as a Crosslinking Agent

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