The water–food–energy nexus in Pakistan: a biophysical and socio-economic challenge

Grigg, Nicky; Foran, Tira; Darbas, Toni; Kirby, Mac; Colloff, M. J.; Ahmad, Mobin-ud-Din; Podger, Geoff

doi:10.5194/piahs-376-9-2018

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Water coming from high mountain areas of IRB is a key element of livelihood as it feeds the Indus basin irrigation system 16 . Water reservoirs are mostly considered as a source of hydro energy 17 . Pakistan has insufficient water storage capacity as compared to other countries like USA, China and India 18 .…”

Section: Water Situation In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of changing precipitation and climatic oscillations in explaining variability of water extents of large reservoirs in Pakistan

Akhtar

Athar

2019

Sci Rep

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Major threat that Pakistan faces today is water scarcity and any significant change in water availability from storage reservoirs coupled with below normal precipitation threatens food security of more than 207 million people. Two major reservoirs of Tarbela and Mangla on Indus and Jhelum rivers are studied. Landsat satellite’s data are used to estimate the water extents of these reservoirs during 1981–2017. A long-term significant decrease of 15–25% decade−1 in water extent is found for Tarbela as compared to 37–70% decade−1 for Mangla, mainly during March to June. Significant water extents reductions are observed in the range of −23.9 to −53.4 km2 (1991–2017) and −63.1 to −52.3 km2 (2001–2010 and 2011–2017) for Tarbela and Mangla, respectively. The precipitation amount and areas receiving this precipitation show a significant decreasing trend of −4.68 to −8.40 mm year−1 and −358.1 to −309.9 km2 year−1 for basins of Mangla and Tarbela, respectively. The precipitation and climatic oscillations are playing roles in variability of water extents. The ensuing multiple linear regression models predict water extents with an average error of 13% and 16% for Tarbela and Mangla, respectively.

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Section: Water Situation In Pakistanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of changing precipitation and climatic oscillations in explaining variability of water extents of large reservoirs in Pakistan

Akhtar

Athar

2019

Sci Rep

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“…Urban communities, particularly in underdeveloped countries such as Pakistan, are vulnerable to future demand for water, energy, and food [27][28][29]. This vulnerability is further exacerbated by an increase in population and climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing Social Inequality and Improper Water Distribution in Cities: A Case Study of Karachi, Pakistan

Janjua

Hassan

Ali

et al. 2021

Land

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Inhabited by almost 20 million people, Karachi, also known as the “city of lights”, houses almost 60 percent of the industries in Pakistan and is considered as the financial and industrial center of the country. The city contributes almost 12–15 percent to the gross domestic product (GDP), showing its significance in Pakistan’s economy. Unfortunately, with the increase in population, the city is facing a serious shortage of water supply. The current allocation of water among the city’s districts is not equitable, which has caused water scarcity and even riots in some areas. Surface water and ground water are the two primary sources of water supply in the city. The water supply provided by Karachi Water and Sewerage Board (KWSB) is approximately 650 million gallons per day (MGD) against a demand of 480–866 million gallons per day (MGD), resulting in a serious shortfall. Keeping a holistic view in mind, this paper focuses specifically on proposing measures to address the gap in proposing concrete solutions to manage Karachi’s increasing water woes. It also proposes a water allocation mechanism and uses Nash bargaining theory to address the inefficient and unequal water distribution. Results indicate that our suggested policies and water allocation mechanism have the potential to simultaneously resolve the supply–demand mismatch and water shortage problems of the city.

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The Water, Food, and Energy Nexus: The Key to a Transformative Agenda

Ahmad,

Riaz

2023

Water Policy in Pakistan

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The water–food–energy nexus in Pakistan: a biophysical and socio-economic challenge

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Contribution of changing precipitation and climatic oscillations in explaining variability of water extents of large reservoirs in Pakistan

Contribution of changing precipitation and climatic oscillations in explaining variability of water extents of large reservoirs in Pakistan

Addressing Social Inequality and Improper Water Distribution in Cities: A Case Study of Karachi, Pakistan

The Water, Food, and Energy Nexus: The Key to a Transformative Agenda

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