The visible nonlinear optical properties and passively Q-switched laser application of a layered PtSe<sub>2</sub> material

Cui, Na; Feng, Zhongju; Zhao, Yu‐Qing; Yao, Yanqing; Wang, Qiangguo; Dong, Lulu; Zhang, Huiyun; Liu, Shande; Xu, Jinlong; Zhang, Han

doi:10.1039/c9nr08980b

Cited by 30 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…[25] Interestingly, PtSe 2 has no energy band-gap in the bulk form, but the band-gap increases as the thickness decreases, becoming an indirect semiconductor with a bandgap far exceeding 1 eV at the monolayer. [20,21,23,24] This significant thickness dependence originates from strong interlayer coupling, enabling various thickness-engineering-based broadband optoelectronic and photonic applications, [23] such as for photosensors, [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] saturable absorbers, [34][35][36] modulators, [37] and nonlinear photonic effects. [38,39] Therefore, many ultrafast spectroscopic studies have been conducted to understand photophysics in 2D PtSe 2 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe₂

Bae

Nah

Lee

et al. 2021

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semiconducting systems. [1,2] A representative example is layered 2D semiconductors, where reduced dielectric screening leads to huge exciton binding energies up to several hundreds of meV, enabling strong excitonic light-matter interactions even at room temperature. Thus, excitons in 2D materials govern fundamental optical properties such as light absorption and emission. [3,4] Furthermore, excitons in 2D systems often couple with their unique physical properties, such as a thickness-dependent change in the bandgap nature and polarization-governed optical selection rules. These relationships provide rich physics and proper functionality for novel optoelectronic applications. [3][4][5] To fully exploit the excellent properties of excitons, it is essential to explore their behavior on ultrashort timescales. Many fundamental excitonic phenomena such as recombination, many-body interactions, and scattering mechanisms occur on femtosecond or picosecond timescales. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Also, ultrafast light-matter interactions can modulate excitons, enabling novel quantum memory and switching effects. [14][15][16][17][18][19] Therefore, understanding exciton behaviors on Strongly bound excitons are a characteristic hallmark of 2D semiconductors, enabling unique light-matter interactions and novel optical applications. Platinum diselenide (PtSe 2 ) is an emerging 2D material with outstanding optical and electrical properties and excellent air stability. Bulk PtSe 2 is a semimetal, but its atomically thin form shows a semiconducting phase with the appearance of a band-gap, making one expect strongly bound 2D excitons. However, the excitons in PtSe 2 have been barely studied, either experimentally or theoretically. Here, the authors directly observe and theoretically confirm excitons and their ultrafast dynamics in mono-, bi-, and tri-layer PtSe 2 single crystals. Steady-state optical microscopy reveals exciton absorption resonances and their thickness dependence, confirmed by first-principles calculations. Ultrafast transient absorption microscopy finds that the exciton dominates the transient broadband response, resulting from strong exciton bleaching and renormalized band-gap-induced exciton shifting. The overall transient spectrum redshifts with increasing thickness as the shrinking bandgap redshifts the exciton resonance. This study provides novel insights into exciton photophysics in platinum dichalcogenides.The ORCID identification number(s) for the author(s) of this article can be found under https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202103400.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe₂

Bae

Nah

Lee

et al. 2021

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“…[193][194][195][196][197] In the past few years, optical modulators based on 2DMs have been an extensive research topic and great progress has been made. [198][199][200][201][202] Specifically, 2DMs optical modulators such as mode-locked fiber lasers, [203,204] Q-switching lasers, [205,206] saturable absorbers, [207,208] polarization controllers, [209] and wavelength converters [210] have already been demonstrated. For example, graphene mode-locked fiber lasers that generated pulse light with an ultrashort duration were achieved.…”

Section: Waveguide-integrated Modulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Materials for Integrated Photonics: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

Yin

et al. 2021

Small Science

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With the development of novel optoelectronic materials and nanofabrication technologies, integrated photonics is a rapidly developing field that will promote the development and application of next‐generation photonic devices. In recent years, emerging two‐dimensional materials (2DMs) including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), black phosphorus (BP), and ternary compounds show many complementarities and unique characteristics over those of traditional optoelectronic materials including broadband absorption, ultrafast carrier mobility, strong nonlinear effects, and compatibility for monolithic integration. Herein, the recent progress on waveguide‐integrated active devices for a full photonic circuit based on 2DMs is reviewed. Both the development of nanofabrication techniques and the working mechanism of active photonic components based on 2DMs containing integrated light sources, waveguide‐integrated modulators, photodetectors, as well as some advanced 2DMs‐based optoelectronic devices are illustrated in detail. In the end, the existing challenges and perspectives on novel 2DMs‐integrated photonics are summarized and discussed.

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“…[ 85 ] PtSe 2 was also employed as a saturable absorber in a Pr:YLF solid‐state laser. [ 89 ] A train of stable Q‐switched laser pulses with a duration of 91.8 ns and a maximum repetition rate of 297.6 kHz was achieved in the visible wavelength range.…”

Section: Photonic Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Layered PtSe₂ for Sensing, Photonic, and (Opto‐)Electronic Applications

Wang

McEvoy

et al. 2020

Advanced Materials

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An increasing enthusiasm for research into 2D nanostructures is driven by their exceptional mechanical, chemical, optical, and physical properties that arise from their atomically thin dimension. These properties make 2D nanostructures promising candidates for applications in the next generation of photonic, valleytronic, and (opto-)electronic devices. 2D black phosphorus, for instance, is a novel 2D material with a thickness-tunable bandgap and outstanding properties that have attracted tremendous interest. However, its commercial and industrial applications have been greatly hindered by its poor environmental stability. [1] Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS 2 , WS 2 , and MoSe 2 , have been experimentally demonstrated to possess thickness-dependent bandgaps and many other promising physical, chemical, and mechanical properties. However, the majority of these TMDs suffer from relatively low charge-carrier mobilities, rather large Schottky barriers when contacted with metals, complicated fabrication processes and a narrow spectral response mainly in the visible region. [2,3] As a result, even though the first report on the experimental isolation of graphene was 16 years ago, [4] and researchers worldwide have spent massive time and effort investigating 2D materials, thus far few have been effectively employed in industrial and commercial applications. Recently, layered PtSe 2 , a Group-10 TMD, has been demonstrated to be one of the most promising 2D materials for adoption by industries due to its unprecedented photonic, physical, and chemical properties along with lowtemperature synthesis methods, high charge-carrier mobilities and long-term air stability. [5-11] One of the important industrial advantages of PtSe 2 is the developed synthesis methods, some of which are compatible with modern silicon technologies. The studied methods to synthesize layered PtSe 2 include molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE), [7,12] chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [8,13] thermally assisted conversion (TAC), [14-20] chemical vapor transport (CVT), [5] plasma-assisted selenization (PAS), [21] microwave assisted synthesis (MAS), [22] mechanical exfoliation (ME), [13,23] the wet chemical (WC) method, [24,20] and so on. Both MBE and CVD are typically carried out at high temperature and can result in high-quality PtSe 2 monolayers. In contrast, wafer-scale and thickness-tunable layered PtSe 2 can be obtained using TAC Since the first experimental discovery of graphene 16 years ago, many other 2D layered nanomaterials have been reported. However, the majority of 2D nanostructures suffer from relatively complicated fabrication processes that have bottlenecked their development and their uptake by industry for practical applications. Here, the recent progress in sensing, photonic, and (opto-)electronic applications of PtSe 2 , a 2D layered material that is likely to be used in industries benefiting from its high air-stability and semiconductor-technology-compatible fabrication methods, is reviewed. The advantages and disad...

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The visible nonlinear optical properties and passively Q-switched laser application of a layered PtSe₂ material

Abstract: Platinum diselenide (PtSe2), a type-II Dirac semi-metal material, is a potential saturable absorber (SA) to generate visible pulsed lasers due to its prominent optoelectronic properties.

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe₂

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe₂

Two‐Dimensional Materials for Integrated Photonics: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

Layered PtSe₂ for Sensing, Photonic, and (Opto‐)Electronic Applications

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The visible nonlinear optical properties and passively Q-switched laser application of a layered PtSe2 material

Abstract: Platinum diselenide (PtSe2), a type-II Dirac semi-metal material, is a potential saturable absorber (SA) to generate visible pulsed lasers due to its prominent optoelectronic properties.

Cited by 30 publications

References 30 publications

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe2

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe2

Two‐Dimensional Materials for Integrated Photonics: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

Layered PtSe2 for Sensing, Photonic, and (Opto‐)Electronic Applications

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Product

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The visible nonlinear optical properties and passively Q-switched laser application of a layered PtSe₂ material

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe₂

Exciton‐Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe₂

Layered PtSe₂ for Sensing, Photonic, and (Opto‐)Electronic Applications