The Virus Watch Program: A Continuing Surveillance of Viral Infections in Metropolitan New York Families

Kogon, Alfred; Spigland, Ilya; Frothingham, Thomas E.; Elveback, Lila R.; Williams, Christina; Hall, Carrie E.; Fox, John P.

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120915

Cited by 119 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…New York Virus Watch data indicate that secondary coxsackievirus infections are more frequent in mothers (78%) than fathers (47%). 15 However, in this study, enterovirus 71 infection rates were similar in the mothers (43%) and fathers (39%). Enterovirus 71 infection rates for parents (41%; 72/175) were higher than for other adults (26%; 15/58), suggesting that close or longer contact facilitated enterovirus 71 transmission.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 45%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Transmission and Clinical Features of Enterovirus 71 Infections in Household Contacts in Taiwan

Chang¹

2004

JAMA

194

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

UTBREAKS OF ENTEROVIrus 71 have been documented since it was recognized in California in 1969. 1 Fatalities in adults and children have been reported in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Malaysia. 2-4 The largest and most severe enterovirus 71 epidemic occurred in Taiwan in 1998. 5-10 The clinical syndromes and severity of cases were diverse. Thousands of cases of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina occurred, 405 experienced severe neurological complications, such as encephalitis, meningitis, poliolike syndrome, and encephalomyelitis, and/or pulmonary edema. 9 Among the 405 complications, 78 children died. 9 In a seroepidemiological study before and after the 1998 outbreak, we found that preepidemic and postepidemic enterovirus 71 seroprevalence rates in adults and children older than 6 years ranged from 57% to 67%. 11 The postepidemic enterovirus 71 seropositive rates among children younger than

show abstract

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 45%

“…11 The secondary household transmission rates of enteroviruses, such as poliovirus, enterovirus 70, and coxsackievirus A24, vary. [14][15][16] Transmission of enterovirus 71 among household family members needs further investigation. Such data are necessary to help control, manage, and prevent future enterovirus 71 infections.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission and Clinical Features of Enterovirus 71 Infections in Household Contacts in Taiwan

Chang¹

2004

JAMA

194

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This speculation is partially supported by a serosurvey study in Taiwan which found that nearly 70% of EV71 seropositive children under six years of age were asymptomatic and the New York virus watch program in the 1960s which found that > 40% children of ≥ 5 years infected with Coxsackie viruses had no illness. 7,19 Adults were found to have high proportions of asymptomatic EV71 infection in Taiwan 5 or of detectable EV71 antibodies in Germany. 20,21 Future serosurvey studies are needed in China to confirm the role of asymptomatic infections among school children and adults in the epidemics.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in China

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Large outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) were observed in both 2008 and 2009 in China. Methods Using the national surveillance data since May 2, 2008, epidemiological characteristics of the outbreaks are summarized, and the transmissibility of the disease and the effects of potential risk factors were evaluated via a susceptible-infectious-recovered transmission model. Results Children of 1.0–2.9 years were the most susceptible group to HFMD (odds ratios [OR] > 2.3 as compared to other age groups). Infant cases had the highest incidences of severe disease (ORs > 1.4) and death (ORs > 2.4), as well as the longest delay from symptom onset to diagnosis (2.3 days). Males were more susceptible to HFMD than females (OR=1.56 [95% confidence interval=1.56, 1.57]). An one day delay in diagnosis was associated with increases in the odds of severe disease by 40.3% [38.7%, 41.9%] and in the odds of death by 53.7% [43.6%, 64.5%]. Compared to Coxsackie A16, enterovirus (EV) 71 is more strongly associated with severe disease (OR=15.6 [13.4, 18.1]) and death (OR=40.7 [13.0, 127.3]). The estimated local effective reproductive numbers among prefectures ranged from 1.4 to 1.6 (median=1.4) in spring and stayed below 1.2 in other seasons. A higher risk of transmission was associated with temperatures in the range of 70-80F, higher relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation, population density, and the periods in which schools were open. Conclusion HFMD is a moderately transmittable infectious disease, mainly among pre-school children. EV71 was responsible for most severe cases and fatalities. Mixing of asymptomatically infected children in schools might have contributed to the spread of HFMD. Timely diagnosis may be a key to reducing the high mortality rate in infants.

show abstract

“…Household contacts of case-patients are at high risk of infection ( 12 ). We recommended that they be quarantined at home and that stool specimens be collected a minimum of 3 days after the first contact with the index patient to allow sufficient time for an infection to become established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%