The Verbal Action of the Listener as a Basis for Rule-Governance

Hayes, Steven C.; Hayes, Linda J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4757-0447-1_5

Cited by 195 publications

(196 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In effect, it was assumed that under these conditions the eliciting functions established for the B stimuli would emerge for the C stimuli. Indeed, this assumption is consistent with RFT, which views Coordination (or equivalence) as the most common and fundamental type of verbal relation (see Barnes, 1994;Hayes & Hayes, 1989). Nevertheless, although subjects may "default" to equivalence in the absence of an explicit contextual cue, it is not fair to say that such a performance emerges in the absence of contextual control.…”

supporting

confidence: 55%

Contextual Control over the Derived Transformation of Discriminative and Sexual Arousal Functions

Roche

Barnes‐Holmes

et al. 2000

Psychol Rec

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A previous study by Roche and Barnes (1997) examined the transformation of conditioned sexual arousal in accordance with arbitrary relations. The current research replicated and extended that study by attempting to bring the derived transformation effect under contextual control. In Experiment 1, the functions of hand waving and clapping were first established for two nonsense syllables (called 81 and 82, respectively). Subjects were then exposed to relational pretraining, similar to that employed by Steele and Hayes (1991) Opposite/B1-C2; Opposite/B2-C1. During a testing phase, the stimulus functions established for B1 emerged for C1 in the presence of Same (Le., the subjects waved) but those established for B2 emerged for C1 in the presence of Opposite (Le., the subjects clapped). Similarly, the functions of B2 emerged for C2 in the presence of Same (Le., the subjects clapped), but those established for 81 emerged for C2 in the presence of Opposite (i.e., the subjects waved). Experiment 2 established similar results using respondent eliciting functions in the place of hand clapping and waving.The analysis of derived relational responding is both interesting and important because it has opened up new vistas of research into human language and complex behavior. Most research on derived relational responding has focused on the familiar stimulus equivalence effect.

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supporting

confidence: 55%

Contextual Control over the Derived Transformation of Discriminative and Sexual Arousal Functions

Roche

Barnes‐Holmes

et al. 2000

Psychol Rec

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“…(1993) esta identifi cação é essencial para a formação de classes de equivalência. Talvez a necessidade se deva a um défi cit de uma história em responder relacional arbitrário às posições exclusivamente (Boelens, 1994;Hayes & Hayes, 1989). Esta história é ampla com os outros tipos de estímulos tradicionalmente utilizados em estudos de equivalência principalmente quando os participantes humanos se tornam membros de uma comunidade verbal .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Efeito de instruções sobre a demonstração de equivalência entre posições

Medeiros

Ribeiro

Galvão

2003

Psic.: Teor. e Pesq.

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A maioria dos trabalhos sobre equivalência com participantes humanos resultou na formação de classes de equivalência independentemente das características dos estímulos empregados. Entretanto, uma série de estudos recentes utilizando a posição como dimensão relevante de estímulo mostrou resultados negativos, em sua maioria. O presente estudo pretendeu verificar se instruções que tornassem mais clara a tarefa dos participantes resultaria em melhor desempenho na formação de três classes de equivalência formadas pela posição relativa de nove quadrados compondo uma matriz três por três. Dez estudantes universitários que participaram do experimento receberam instruções mínimas. Onze outros receberam instruções adicionais instando-os a levar em conta nas próximas tentativas (tentativas de teste) o que aprenderam no decorrer do experimento (tentativas de linha de base). Dez participantes que receberam instruções adicionais e cinco que receberam instruções mínimas formaram as três classes equivalentes de posição. Deste modo parece evidente que as instruções adicionais facilitaram a formação de equivalência. Entretanto, o presente trabalho também difere dos anteriores em mais dois aspectos: 1) na utilização de uma cor diferente para cada classe, e 2) na permissão de um maior número de testes antes de concluir-se pela não formação de equivalência, favorecendo deste modo, mais extinção de respostas incompatíveis com as contingências programadas.

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“…In that case, a potential solution to the transitivity problem might be to conduct training that increases the generalization of the transitivity repertoire to a wide range of stimuli before attempting to establish equivalence classes with a given set of stimuli (Boelens, 1994;Buffington, Fields, & Adams, 1997;Fields & Reeve, in press;Hayes, 1991;Hayes & Hayes, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tactual Equivalence Class Formation and Tactual-to-Visual Cross-Modal Transfer

Belanich

Fields

1999

Psychol Rec

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Five adults, two who were deaf-blind and three who were hearing-sighted but blindfolded for the experiment, learned the conditional discriminations AB and BC that consisted of complex tactual stimuli. Class-consistent responding to symmetry, transitivity, and equivalence probes demonstrated the emergence of tactual equivalence classes by four of the subjects. These data confirm that visual or auditory stimuli are not needed for the induction of equivalence classes . They also suggest that equivalence class procedures might facilitate the formation of communicational skills by individuals who are deaf and blind . Following the formation of the tactual equivalence classes by the two hearing-sighted adults, they immediately showed tactual-tovisual cross-modal generalization of equivalence relations. These results suggest that prior equivalence class formation facilitate the reliable emergence of cross-modal transfer.

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The Verbal Action of the Listener as a Basis for Rule-Governance

Cited by 195 publications

References 31 publications

Contextual Control over the Derived Transformation of Discriminative and Sexual Arousal Functions

Contextual Control over the Derived Transformation of Discriminative and Sexual Arousal Functions

Efeito de instruções sobre a demonstração de equivalência entre posições

Tactual Equivalence Class Formation and Tactual-to-Visual Cross-Modal Transfer

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